Structural highlights
Function
GALT1_MOUSE Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has a broad spectrum of substrates for peptides such as EA2, Muc5AC, Muc1a, Muc1b and Muc7.[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGaNTases) initiate the formation of mucin-type, O-linked glycans by catalyzing the transfer of alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine from UDP-GalNAc to Ser or Thr residues of core proteins to form the Tn antigen (GalNAc-alpha-1-O-Ser/Thr). ppGaNTases are unique among glycosyltransferases in containing a C-terminal lectin domain. We present the x-ray crystal structure of a ppGaNTase, murine ppGaNTase-T1, and show that it folds to form distinct catalytic and lectin domains. The association of the two domains forms a large cleft in the surface of the enzyme that contains a Mn2+ ion complexed by invariant D209 and H211 of the "DXH" motif and by invariant H344. Each of the three potential lectin domain carbohydrate-binding sites (alpha, beta, and gamma) is located on the active-site face of the enzyme, suggesting a mechanism by which the transferase may accommodate multiple conformations of glycosylated acceptor substrates. A model of a mucin 1 glycopeptide substrate bound to the enzyme shows that the spatial separation between the lectin alpha site and a modeled active site UDP-GalNAc is consistent with the in vitro pattern of glycosylation observed for this peptide catalyzed by ppGaNTase-T1. The structure also provides a template for the larger ppGaNTase family, and homology models of several ppGaNTase isoforms predict dramatically different surface chemistries consistent with isoform-selective acceptor substrate recognition.
The beginnings of mucin biosynthesis: the crystal structure of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-T1.,Fritz TA, Hurley JH, Trinh LB, Shiloach J, Tabak LA Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 26;101(43):15307-12. Epub 2004 Oct 14. PMID:15486088[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Hagen FK, Ten Hagen KG, Beres TM, Balys MM, VanWuyckhuyse BC, Tabak LA. cDNA cloning and expression of a novel UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1997 May 23;272(21):13843-8. PMID:9153242
- ↑ Fritz TA, Hurley JH, Trinh LB, Shiloach J, Tabak LA. The beginnings of mucin biosynthesis: the crystal structure of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-T1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 26;101(43):15307-12. Epub 2004 Oct 14. PMID:15486088
