VP24
From Proteopedia
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==VP24== | ==VP24== | ||
| - | <StructureSection load=' | + | <StructureSection load='4d9o' size='340' side='right' caption='VP24 from the Reston Ebola Virus [[4d9o]]' scene=''> |
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
| - | VP24 is a protein present in the Ebola and Marburg viruses, both of which are members of ''Filoviridae'' family. Presently there are five strains of Ebola: Sudan, Reston, | + | '''VP24''' is a protein present in the Ebola and Marburg viruses, both of which are members of ''Filoviridae'' family. Presently there are five strains of Ebola: Sudan, Reston, Zaire, Bundibugyo, and Taï Forest, each with minor differences in VP24 sequences <ref name='Marburg '>pmid 24574400</ref>. |
== Function == | == Function == | ||
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'''Ebola''' | '''Ebola''' | ||
| - | In a normal immune response interferons (IFN) are produced to alert surrounding cells to the presence of a pathogen | + | In a normal immune response interferons (IFN) are produced to alert surrounding cells to the presence of a pathogen, which activates STAT1 by phosphorylation <ref name='4or8'>pmid 24574400</ref>. STAT1 is a transcription factor that increases production of immune fighting genes in cells, STAT1 is brought to the nucleus by karyopherin α proteins <ref name='4or8'/>. Ebola protein VP24 <scene name='60/602719/Vp24_bound_to_karyopherin_a5/1'>binds to karyopherin</scene> α1, α5, and α6, which normally bring the P-STAT1 to the nucleus <ref>DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.07.008</ref>. With the karyopherin proteins bound, P-STAT1 does not make it to the nucleus which greatly weakens the immune response in cells <ref>DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.07.008</ref>. |
| - | <scene name='60/602719/Vp24_bound_to_karyopherin_a5/1'>binds to karyopherin</scene> α1, α5, and α6, | + | |
| - | + | ||
'''Marburg''' | '''Marburg''' | ||
| - | Keap1 is a protein that degrades the transcription factor Nrf2. VP24 in the Marburg virus targets and binds the Keap1 protein, and as a result leaves Nrf2 unaltered. High levels of Nrf2 triggers antioxidant response elements(ARE). This causes cells to become defensive, which protects the Marburg virus inside the cell. | + | |
| + | Keap1 is a protein that degrades the transcription factor Nrf2. VP24 in the Marburg virus targets and binds the Keap1 protein, and as a result leaves Nrf2 unaltered. High levels of Nrf2 triggers antioxidant response elements(ARE). This causes cells to become defensive, which protects the Marburg virus inside the cell <ref>doi 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.043</ref>. | ||
== Structural Characteristics == | == Structural Characteristics == | ||
| - | The Ebola and Marburg VP24 proteins are 30% identical. They share a similar pyramidal shaped domain, as well as a few structures. Both viruses have two highly conserved pockets underneath the "pyramid's" base. Additionally, the N termini of Ebola (Zaire) and the Marburg virus are very similar in function. They are used | + | The Ebola and Marburg VP24 proteins are 30% identical <ref name='Marburg '/>. They share a similar pyramidal shaped domain, as well as a few structures. Both viruses have two highly conserved pockets underneath the "pyramid's" base <ref name='Marburg '/>. Additionally, the N termini of Ebola (Zaire) and the Marburg virus are very similar in function. They are both used for oligomer and nucleocapsid formation <ref name='Marburg '/><ref>pmid 22371572</ref>. |
<scene name='60/602719/Chain_b/1'>Ebola Domain</scene> (Reston) | <scene name='60/602719/Chain_b/1'>Ebola Domain</scene> (Reston) | ||
| - | There are a few structural characteristics only found in the Ebola viruses. At the top of the pyramidal domain, there are α helices present which are thought to interact with the α karyopherin. An α helix formed by the N-terminus runs from the top of the "pyramid" to another nearby VP24, where it binds to one of the pockets located underneath the "pyramid | + | There are a few structural characteristics only found in the Ebola viruses. At the top of the pyramidal domain, there are α helices present which are thought to interact with the α karyopherin <ref name='Marburg '/>. An α helix formed by the N-terminus runs from the top of the "pyramid" to another nearby VP24, where it binds to one of the pockets located underneath the "pyramid" <ref name='Marburg '/>. |
| - | <scene name='60/602719/Marburg_vp24_domain/1'>Marburg | + | <scene name='60/602719/Marburg_vp24_domain/1'>Marburg Domain</scene> |
| - | The Marburg domain has | + | The Marburg domain has a beta shelf present that sticks out from the structure <ref name='Marburg '/>. The Marburg VP24 doesn't use an alpha helix to bind to another VP24 like the Ebola VP24 <ref name='Marburg '/>. Instead, it uses a flexible strand that binds to a groove of a close-by VP24 <ref name='Marburg '/>. |
| + | == References == | ||
| + | |||
| + | <references/> | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
| - | == | + | == 3D Structures of VP24 == |
| + | Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | ||
| + | {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | ||
| + | *VP24 from Sudan ebola | ||
| - | < | + | **[[3vne]], [[3vnf]] – VP24 (mutant) <BR /> |
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| + | *VP24 from Reston ebola | ||
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| + | **[[4d9o]] – VP24 <BR /> | ||
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| + | *VP24 from Zaire ebola | ||
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| + | **[[4m0q]] – VP24 <BR /> | ||
| + | **[[4u2x]] – VP24 + importin subunit alpha-6<br /> | ||
| + | **[[6ehm]] – VP24 + nucleoprotein<BR /> | ||
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| + | *VP24 from Marburg virus | ||
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| + | **[[4or8]] – VP24 <BR /> | ||
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| + | *VP24 from White spot syndrome virus | ||
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| + | **[[5hlj]] – VP24 <BR /> | ||
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| + | *VP24 from apple latent spherical virus | ||
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| + | **[[7chk]] – VP24+VP20+VP25 - Cryo EM<BR /> | ||
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| + | }} | ||
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| + | [[Category:Topic Page]] | ||
Current revision
VP24
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3D Structures of VP24
Updated on 25-January-2021
