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2g9x

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==Structure of Thr 160 phosphorylated CDK2/cyclin A in complex with the inhibitor NU6271==
==Structure of Thr 160 phosphorylated CDK2/cyclin A in complex with the inhibitor NU6271==
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<StructureSection load='2g9x' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2g9x]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
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<StructureSection load='2g9x' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2g9x]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2g9x]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2G9X OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2G9X FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2g9x]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2G9X OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2G9X FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NU5:3-({2-[(4-{[6-(CYCLOHEXYLMETHOXY)-9H-PURIN-2-YL]AMINO}PHENYL)SULFONYL]ETHYL}AMINO)PROPAN-1-OL'>NU5</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=TPO:PHOSPHOTHREONINE'>TPO</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NU5:3-({2-[(4-{[6-(CYCLOHEXYLMETHOXY)-9H-PURIN-2-YL]AMINO}PHENYL)SULFONYL]ETHYL}AMINO)PROPAN-1-OL'>NU5</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TPO:PHOSPHOTHREONINE'>TPO</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">CDK2 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 Homo sapiens]), CCNA2, CCNA ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9913 Bos taurus])</td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2g9x FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2g9x OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2g9x PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2g9x RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2g9x PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2g9x ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-specific_serine/threonine_protein_kinase Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.1 2.7.11.1] </span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2g9x FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2g9x OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2g9x RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2g9x PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CDK2_HUMAN CDK2_HUMAN]] Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the cell cycle; essential for meiosis, but dispensable for mitosis. Phosphorylates CTNNB1, USP37, p53/TP53, NPM1, CDK7, RB1, BRCA2, MYC, NPAT, EZH2. Interacts with cyclins A, B1, B3, D, or E. Triggers duplication of centrosomes and DNA. Acts at the G1-S transition to promote the E2F transcriptional program and the initiation of DNA synthesis, and modulates G2 progression; controls the timing of entry into mitosis/meiosis by controlling the subsequent activation of cyclin B/CDK1 by phosphorylation, and coordinates the activation of cyclin B/CDK1 at the centrosome and in the nucleus. Crucial role in orchestrating a fine balance between cellular proliferation, cell death, and DNA repair in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Activity of CDK2 is maximal during S phase and G2; activated by interaction with cyclin E during the early stages of DNA synthesis to permit G1-S transition, and subsequently activated by cyclin A2 (cyclin A1 in germ cells) during the late stages of DNA replication to drive the transition from S phase to mitosis, the G2 phase. EZH2 phosphorylation promotes H3K27me3 maintenance and epigenetic gene silencing. Phosphorylates CABLES1 (By similarity). Cyclin E/CDK2 prevents oxidative stress-mediated Ras-induced senescence by phosphorylating MYC. Involved in G1-S phase DNA damage checkpoint that prevents cells with damaged DNA from initiating mitosis; regulates homologous recombination-dependent repair by phosphorylating BRCA2, this phosphorylation is low in S phase when recombination is active, but increases as cells progress towards mitosis. In response to DNA damage, double-strand break repair by homologous recombination a reduction of CDK2-mediated BRCA2 phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of RB1 disturbs its interaction with E2F1. NPM1 phosphorylation by cyclin E/CDK2 promotes its dissociates from unduplicated centrosomes, thus initiating centrosome duplication. Cyclin E/CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at G1-S transition and until prophase stimulates the NPAT-mediated activation of histone gene transcription during S phase. Required for vitamin D-mediated growth inhibition by being itself inactivated. Involved in the nitric oxide- (NO) mediated signaling in a nitrosylation/activation-dependent manner. USP37 is activated by phosphorylation and thus triggers G1-S transition. CTNNB1 phosphorylation regulates insulin internalization.<ref>PMID:10499802</ref> <ref>PMID:11051553</ref> <ref>PMID:10995386</ref> <ref>PMID:10995387</ref> <ref>PMID:10884347</ref> <ref>PMID:11113184</ref> <ref>PMID:15800615</ref> <ref>PMID:18372919</ref> <ref>PMID:20147522</ref> <ref>PMID:20079829</ref> <ref>PMID:20935635</ref> <ref>PMID:20195506</ref> <ref>PMID:19966300</ref> <ref>PMID:21262353</ref> <ref>PMID:21596315</ref> <ref>PMID:21319273</ref> <ref>PMID:17495531</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CCNA2_BOVIN CCNA2_BOVIN]] Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) and the G2/M (mitosis) transitions.
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CCNA2_BOVIN CCNA2_BOVIN] Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G1/S (start) and the G2/M (mitosis) transitions.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
Check<jmol>
<jmolCheckbox>
<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/g9/2g9x_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/g9/2g9x_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
</jmolCheckbox>
</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2g9x ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2g9x" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
==See Also==
==See Also==
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*[[Cell division protein kinase 2|Cell division protein kinase 2]]
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*[[Cyclin 3D structures|Cyclin 3D structures]]
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*[[Cyclin|Cyclin]]
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*[[Cyclin-dependent kinase 3D structures|Cyclin-dependent kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
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[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Echalier, A]]
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[[Category: Echalier A]]
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[[Category: Endicott, J A]]
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[[Category: Endicott JA]]
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[[Category: Noble, M E]]
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[[Category: Noble ME]]
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[[Category: Atp-binding]]
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[[Category: Cell cycle]]
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[[Category: Phosphorylation]]
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[[Category: Serine/threonine protein kinase]]
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[[Category: Transferase]]
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[[Category: Transferase-cell cycle complex]]
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Current revision

Structure of Thr 160 phosphorylated CDK2/cyclin A in complex with the inhibitor NU6271

PDB ID 2g9x

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