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| | ==Structure of Cysteine-free Human Insulin Degrading Enzyme in Complex with Macrocyclic Inhibitor== | | ==Structure of Cysteine-free Human Insulin Degrading Enzyme in Complex with Macrocyclic Inhibitor== |
| - | <StructureSection load='4lte' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4lte]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.71Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='4lte' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4lte]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.71Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4lte]] is a 4 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4LTE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4LTE FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4lte]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4LTE OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4LTE FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EPE:4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINE+ETHANESULFONIC+ACID'>EPE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.705Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DFF:4-BENZOYL-D-PHENYLALANINE'>DFF</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FUM:FUMARIC+ACID'>FUM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LYN:2,6-DIAMINO-HEXANOIC+ACID+AMIDE'>LYN</scene></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DFF:4-BENZOYL-D-PHENYLALANINE'>DFF</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EPE:4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINE+ETHANESULFONIC+ACID'>EPE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FUM:FUMARIC+ACID'>FUM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LYN:2,6-DIAMINO-HEXANOIC+ACID+AMIDE'>LYN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulysin Insulysin], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.4.24.56 3.4.24.56] </span></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4lte FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4lte OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4lte PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4lte RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4lte PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4lte ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4lte FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4lte OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4lte RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4lte PDBsum]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IDE_HUMAN IDE_HUMAN]] Plays a role in the cellular breakdown of insulin, IAPP, glucagon, bradykinin, kallidin and other peptides, and thereby plays a role in intercellular peptide signaling. Degrades amyloid formed by APP and IAPP. May play a role in the degradation and clearance of naturally secreted amyloid beta-protein by neurons and microglia.<ref>PMID:10684867</ref> <ref>PMID:17613531</ref> <ref>PMID:18986166</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IDE_HUMAN IDE_HUMAN] Plays a role in the cellular breakdown of insulin, IAPP, glucagon, bradykinin, kallidin and other peptides, and thereby plays a role in intercellular peptide signaling. Degrades amyloid formed by APP and IAPP. May play a role in the degradation and clearance of naturally secreted amyloid beta-protein by neurons and microglia.<ref>PMID:10684867</ref> <ref>PMID:17613531</ref> <ref>PMID:18986166</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| | </div> | | </div> |
| | + | <div class="pdbe-citations 4lte" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Insulin-degrading enzyme 3D structures|Insulin-degrading enzyme 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Insulysin]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Foda, Z H]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Liu, D R]] | + | [[Category: Foda ZH]] |
| - | [[Category: Saghatelian, A]] | + | [[Category: Liu DR]] |
| - | [[Category: Seeliger, M A]] | + | [[Category: Saghatelian A]] |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]] | + | [[Category: Seeliger MA]] |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Metal-binding]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Metalloprotease]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Protease]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
4lte is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Method: | X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.705Å |
| Ligands: | , , , , |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT |
Function
IDE_HUMAN Plays a role in the cellular breakdown of insulin, IAPP, glucagon, bradykinin, kallidin and other peptides, and thereby plays a role in intercellular peptide signaling. Degrades amyloid formed by APP and IAPP. May play a role in the degradation and clearance of naturally secreted amyloid beta-protein by neurons and microglia.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Despite decades of speculation that inhibiting endogenous insulin degradation might treat type-2 diabetes, and the identification of IDE (insulin-degrading enzyme) as a diabetes susceptibility gene, the relationship between the activity of the zinc metalloprotein IDE and glucose homeostasis remains unclear. Although Ide-/- mice have elevated insulin levels, they exhibit impaired, rather than improved, glucose tolerance that may arise from compensatory insulin signalling dysfunction. IDE inhibitors that are active in vivo are therefore needed to elucidate IDE's physiological roles and to determine its potential to serve as a target for the treatment of diabetes. Here we report the discovery of a physiologically active IDE inhibitor identified from a DNA-templated macrocycle library. An X-ray structure of the macrocycle bound to IDE reveals that it engages a binding pocket away from the catalytic site, which explains its remarkable selectivity. Treatment of lean and obese mice with this inhibitor shows that IDE regulates the abundance and signalling of glucagon and amylin, in addition to that of insulin. Under physiological conditions that augment insulin and amylin levels, such as oral glucose administration, acute IDE inhibition leads to substantially improved glucose tolerance and slower gastric emptying. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of modulating IDE activity as a new therapeutic strategy to treat type-2 diabetes and expand our understanding of the roles of IDE in glucose and hormone regulation.
Anti-diabetic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme inhibitors mediated by multiple hormones.,Maianti JP, McFedries A, Foda ZH, Kleiner RE, Du XQ, Leissring MA, Tang WJ, Charron MJ, Seeliger MA, Saghatelian A, Liu DR Nature. 2014 May 21. doi: 10.1038/nature13297. PMID:24847884[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Vekrellis K, Ye Z, Qiu WQ, Walsh D, Hartley D, Chesneau V, Rosner MR, Selkoe DJ. Neurons regulate extracellular levels of amyloid beta-protein via proteolysis by insulin-degrading enzyme. J Neurosci. 2000 Mar 1;20(5):1657-65. PMID:10684867
- ↑ Im H, Manolopoulou M, Malito E, Shen Y, Zhao J, Neant-Fery M, Sun CY, Meredith SC, Sisodia SS, Leissring MA, Tang WJ. Structure of substrate-free human insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and biophysical analysis of ATP-induced conformational switch of IDE. J Biol Chem. 2007 Aug 31;282(35):25453-63. Epub 2007 Jul 5. PMID:17613531 doi:10.1074/jbc.M701590200
- ↑ Malito E, Ralat LA, Manolopoulou M, Tsay JL, Wadlington NL, Tang WJ. Molecular Bases for the Recognition of Short Peptide Substrates and Cysteine-Directed Modifications of Human Insulin-Degrading Enzyme. Biochemistry. 2008 Nov 6. PMID:18986166 doi:10.1021/bi801192h
- ↑ Maianti JP, McFedries A, Foda ZH, Kleiner RE, Du XQ, Leissring MA, Tang WJ, Charron MJ, Seeliger MA, Saghatelian A, Liu DR. Anti-diabetic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme inhibitors mediated by multiple hormones. Nature. 2014 May 21. doi: 10.1038/nature13297. PMID:24847884 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13297
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