We apologize for Proteopedia being slow to respond. For the past two years, a new implementation of Proteopedia has been being built. Soon, it will replace this 18-year old system. All existing content will be moved to the new system at a date that will be announced here.

Antithrombin

From Proteopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Current revision (09:58, 25 December 2019) (edit) (undo)
 
(17 intermediate revisions not shown.)
Line 1: Line 1:
-
{{STRUCTURE_1tb6| PDB=1tb6 | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=Antithrombin (beige) complex with thrombin heavy chain (pink), light chain (green) and heparin polysaccharide, [[1tb6]] }}
+
<StructureSection load='3evj' size='350' side='right' caption='Glycosylated human antithrombin III complex with heparin (in green) (PDB code [[3evj]])' scene='46/466527/Cv/1'>
-
'''Antithrombin''' (AT) inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation cycle. α-AT contains 4 occupied glycosylation sites and is found in blood palsma. β-AT contains only 3 occupied glycosylation sites. AT-I refers to the absorption of thrombin to fibrin; AT-II and heparin interfere with the interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen; AT-III inactivates thrombin in plasma; AT-IV becomes activated during blood coagulation. See details for the antithrombin pentasaccharide complex in [[User:Molecular Playground/antithrombin-Heparin]].
+
== Function ==
-
__NOTOC__
+
'''Antithrombin''' (AT) inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation cycle. AT is relatively inactive until it binds the heparan sidechains of the microvasculature.<ref>PMID:15311269</ref><br />
 +
▪ '''α-AT''' contains 4 occupied glycosylation sites and is found in blood palsma.<br />
 +
▪ '''β-AT''' contains only 3 occupied glycosylation sites.<br />
 +
▪ '''AT-I''' refers to the absorption of thrombin to fibrin.<br />
 +
▪ '''AT-II''' and heparin interfere with the interaction of thrombin and fibrinogen.<br />
 +
▪ '''AT-III''' inactivates thrombin in plasma. For details see [[Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-7|Student Projects for UMass Chemistry 423 Spring 2012-7 - Antithrombin III: Devourer of Memories]].<br />
 +
▪ '''AT-IV''' becomes activated during blood coagulation.<br />
 +
See details for the antithrombin pentasaccharide complex in [[Molecular Playground/Antithrombin-Heparin]].
-
==3D structures of antithrombin==
+
== Disease ==
-
Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
+
AT deficiency diseases are: Acquired AT deficiency and Inherited AT deficiency. AT deficiency is involved in thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
-
{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
+
-
*Antithrombin
+
== Relevance ==
 +
AT activity is enhanced upon <scene name='46/466527/Cv/4'>binding to the anticoagulant drug heparin</scene>.
-
**[[1att]] – AT-III – bovine
+
==Structural highlights==
-
**[[1ant]], [[2ant]] – hAT – human
+
The binding of AT to the heparans or the heparin drug is to a core pentasaccharide. The binding induces conformational change of AT.
-
**[[1e05]] - hα-AT-III
+
==3D structures of antithrombin==
-
 
+
[[Antithrombin 3D structures]]
-
**[[1e04]] – hβ-AT-III
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1ath]], [[2znh]], [[4eb1]] – hAT-III
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1dzg]], [[1oyh]], [[1t1f]], [[2beh]], [[2b4x]], [[2hij]] - hAT-III (mutant)
+
-
 
+
-
*Antithrombin binary complexes
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1azx]], [[1nq9]], [[3evj]] – hAT + heparin pentasaccharide
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1e03]] – hα-AT-III + heparin pentasaccharide
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1dzh]] - hAT-III (mutant) + fluorescein
+
-
 
+
-
**[[2gd4]] - hAT-III (mutant) + coagulation factor X
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1br8]], [[1jvq]], [[1lk6]], [[1r1l]] – hAT-III + peptide
+
-
 
+
-
*Antithrombin ternary complexes
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1sr5]] - hAT-III + prothrombin + heparin heptasaccharide
+
-
 
+
-
**[[1tb6]] - hAT-III (mutant) + thrombin + heparin polysaccharide
+
-
**[[2b5t]] - AT-III (mutant) + thrombin (mutant) + heparin polysaccharide
+
</StructureSection>
-
**[[3kcg]] - hAT-III (mutant) + coagulation factor IXa + heparin pentasaccharide
+
== References ==
-
}}
+
<references/>
[[Category:Topic Page]]
[[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

Glycosylated human antithrombin III complex with heparin (in green) (PDB code 3evj)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

References

  1. ↑ Li W, Johnson DJ, Esmon CT, Huntington JA. Structure of the antithrombin-thrombin-heparin ternary complex reveals the antithrombotic mechanism of heparin. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2004 Sep;11(9):857-62. Epub 2004 Aug 15. PMID:15311269 doi:10.1038/nsmb811

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/Antithrombin"
Personal tools