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| | ==1.9A structure of Glycerophoshphodiesterase (GpdQ) from Enterobacter aerogenes== | | ==1.9A structure of Glycerophoshphodiesterase (GpdQ) from Enterobacter aerogenes== |
| - | <StructureSection load='3d03' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3d03]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='3d03' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3d03]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3d03]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterobacter_aerogenes Enterobacter aerogenes]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3D03 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3D03 FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3d03]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klebsiella_aerogenes Klebsiella aerogenes]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3D03 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3D03 FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CO:COBALT+(II)+ION'>CO</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">GPDQ ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=548 Enterobacter aerogenes])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CO:COBALT+(II)+ION'>CO</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerophosphodiester_phosphodiesterase Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.1.4.46 3.1.4.46] </span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3d03 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3d03 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3d03 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3d03 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3d03 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3d03 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3d03 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3d03 OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3d03 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3d03 PDBsum]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GPDQ_KLEAE GPDQ_KLEAE] Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 3'-5' phosphodiester bond of glycerophosphodiesters such as glycerophosphorylethanolamine (GPE), a typical phospholipid metabolite which is probably the natural substrate of the enzyme (PubMed:14711669). In addition, exhibits a broad substrate specificity and can catalyze the hydrolysis of various phosphomonoesters, diesters, triesters and phosphothiolates (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:168197, PubMed:17630782). Preferentially hydrolyzes the phosphate diesters over the phosphonate monoesters (PubMed:17630782). Can hydrolyze the model substrates p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), bis-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate) (bis(pNPP)) and ethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (EtpNPP) (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:168197, PubMed:17306828, PubMed:17630782, PubMed:18678932, PubMed:18831553). Also exhibits activity towards some organophosphate pesticides and is capable of hydrolyzing a close analog of EA 2192, the most toxic and persistent degradation product of the nerve agent VX (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:17630782).<ref>PMID:14711669</ref> <ref>PMID:168197</ref> <ref>PMID:17306828</ref> <ref>PMID:17630782</ref> <ref>PMID:18678932</ref> <ref>PMID:18831553</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
| | Check<jmol> | | Check<jmol> |
| | <jmolCheckbox> | | <jmolCheckbox> |
| - | <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/d0/3d03_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked> | + | <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/d0/3d03_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked> |
| - | <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked> | + | <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked> |
| | <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text> | | <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text> |
| | </jmolCheckbox> | | </jmolCheckbox> |
| - | </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf]. | + | </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3d03 ConSurf]. |
| | <div style="clear:both"></div> | | <div style="clear:both"></div> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
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| | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| | </div> | | </div> |
| | + | <div class="pdbe-citations 3d03" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Enterobacter aerogenes]] | + | [[Category: Klebsiella aerogenes]] |
| - | [[Category: Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Carr, P D]] | + | [[Category: Carr PD]] |
| - | [[Category: Gahan, L R]] | + | [[Category: Gahan LR]] |
| - | [[Category: Guddat, L W]] | + | [[Category: Guddat LW]] |
| - | [[Category: Hadler, K S]] | + | [[Category: Hadler KS]] |
| - | [[Category: Hengge, A C]] | + | [[Category: Hengge AC]] |
| - | [[Category: Jackson, C J]] | + | [[Category: Jackson CJ]] |
| - | [[Category: Larrabee, J A]] | + | [[Category: Larrabee JA]] |
| - | [[Category: Miti, N]] | + | [[Category: Miti N]] |
| - | [[Category: Nguyen, K]] | + | [[Category: Nguyen K]] |
| - | [[Category: Ollis, D L]] | + | [[Category: Ollis DL]] |
| - | [[Category: Schenk, G]] | + | [[Category: Schenk G]] |
| - | [[Category: Tanifum, E]] | + | [[Category: Tanifum E]] |
| - | [[Category: Yip, S H.C]] | + | [[Category: Yip SH-C]] |
| - | [[Category: Glycerophosphodiesterase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Metal ion]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Metallohydrolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Phosphatase]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
GPDQ_KLEAE Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 3'-5' phosphodiester bond of glycerophosphodiesters such as glycerophosphorylethanolamine (GPE), a typical phospholipid metabolite which is probably the natural substrate of the enzyme (PubMed:14711669). In addition, exhibits a broad substrate specificity and can catalyze the hydrolysis of various phosphomonoesters, diesters, triesters and phosphothiolates (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:168197, PubMed:17630782). Preferentially hydrolyzes the phosphate diesters over the phosphonate monoesters (PubMed:17630782). Can hydrolyze the model substrates p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), bis-(p-nitrophenyl phosphate) (bis(pNPP)) and ethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (EtpNPP) (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:168197, PubMed:17306828, PubMed:17630782, PubMed:18678932, PubMed:18831553). Also exhibits activity towards some organophosphate pesticides and is capable of hydrolyzing a close analog of EA 2192, the most toxic and persistent degradation product of the nerve agent VX (PubMed:14711669, PubMed:17630782).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The glycerophosphodiesterase (GpdQ) from Enterobacter aerogenes is a promiscuous binuclear metallohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of mono-, di-, and triester substrates, including some organophosphate pesticides and products of the degradation of nerve agents. GpdQ has attracted recent attention as a promising enzymatic bioremediator. Here, we have investigated the catalytic mechanism of this versatile enzyme using a range of techniques. An improved crystal structure (1.9 A resolution) illustrates the presence of (i) an extended hydrogen bond network in the active site, and (ii) two possible nucleophiles, i.e., water/hydroxide ligands, coordinated to one or both metal ions. While it is at present not possible to unambiguously distinguish between these two possibilities, a reaction mechanism is proposed whereby the terminally bound H 2O/OH (-) acts as the nucleophile, activated via hydrogen bonding by the bridging water molecule. Furthermore, the presence of substrate promotes the formation of a catalytically competent binuclear center by significantly enhancing the binding affinity of one of the metal ions in the active site. Asn80 appears to display coordination flexibility that may modulate enzyme activity. Kinetic data suggest that the rate-limiting step occurs after hydrolysis, i.e., the release of the phosphate moiety and the concomitant dissociation of one of the metal ions and/or associated conformational changes. Thus, it is proposed that GpdQ employs an intricate regulatory mechanism for catalysis, where coordination flexibility in one of the two metal binding sites is essential for optimal activity.
Substrate-Promoted Formation of a Catalytically Competent Binuclear Center and Regulation of Reactivity in a Glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes.,Hadler KS, Tanifum EA, Yip SH, Mitic N, Guddat LW, Jackson CJ, Gahan LR, Nguyen K, Carr PD, Ollis DL, Hengge AC, Larrabee JA, Schenk G J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Oct 3. PMID:18831553[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ McLoughlin SY, Jackson C, Liu JW, Ollis DL. Growth of Escherichia coli coexpressing phosphotriesterase and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, using paraoxon as the sole phosphorus source. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Jan;70(1):404-12. PMID:14711669 doi:10.1128/AEM.70.1.404-412.2004
- ↑ Gerlt JA, Whitman GJ. Purification and properties of a phosphohydrolase from Enterobacter aerogenes. J Biol Chem. 1975 Jul 10;250(13):5053-8 PMID:168197
- ↑ Jackson CJ, Carr PD, Liu JW, Watt SJ, Beck JL, Ollis DL. The structure and function of a novel glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes. J Mol Biol. 2007 Apr 6;367(4):1047-62. Epub 2007 Jan 20. PMID:17306828 doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.01.032
- ↑ Ghanem E, Li Y, Xu C, Raushel FM. Characterization of a phosphodiesterase capable of hydrolyzing EA 2192, the most toxic degradation product of the nerve agent VX. Biochemistry. 2007 Aug 7;46(31):9032-40. PMID:17630782 doi:10.1021/bi700561k
- ↑ Jackson CJ, Hadler KS, Carr PD, Oakley AJ, Yip S, Schenk G, Ollis DL. Malonate-bound structure of the glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes (GpdQ) and characterization of the native Fe2+ metal-ion preference. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2008 Aug 1;64(Pt, 8):681-5. Epub 2008 Jul 5. PMID:18678932 doi:10.1107/S1744309108017600
- ↑ Hadler KS, Tanifum EA, Yip SH, Mitic N, Guddat LW, Jackson CJ, Gahan LR, Nguyen K, Carr PD, Ollis DL, Hengge AC, Larrabee JA, Schenk G. Substrate-Promoted Formation of a Catalytically Competent Binuclear Center and Regulation of Reactivity in a Glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes. J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Oct 3. PMID:18831553 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja803346w
- ↑ Hadler KS, Tanifum EA, Yip SH, Mitic N, Guddat LW, Jackson CJ, Gahan LR, Nguyen K, Carr PD, Ollis DL, Hengge AC, Larrabee JA, Schenk G. Substrate-Promoted Formation of a Catalytically Competent Binuclear Center and Regulation of Reactivity in a Glycerophosphodiesterase from Enterobacter aerogenes. J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Oct 3. PMID:18831553 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja803346w
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