Lipids: structure and classification
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| - | [[es:Lipids: structure and classification ( | + | [[es:Lipids: structure and classification (Spanish)]] |
| - | <StructureSection load='Insert PDB code or filename here' size=' | + | <StructureSection load='Insert PDB code or filename here' size='500' side='right' caption='' scene='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/1'> |
:'''Lipids'''. | :'''Lipids'''. | ||
*'''Fatty acids'''.- | *'''Fatty acids'''.- | ||
| - | **<scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/6'>Palmitic acid</scene>, a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid. | + | **<scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/6'>Palmitic acid</scene>, a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid. Notice its <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/3'>carboxyl group</scene>, and its <scene name='60/603296/Acidosgrasos/5'>long hydrocarbon chain</scene>. |
**<scene name='60/603296/Oleico/1'>Oleic acid</scene>, a ''monounsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. Most monounsaturated natural fatty acids are <scene name='60/603296/Oleico/2'>cis-unsaturated</scene>. | **<scene name='60/603296/Oleico/1'>Oleic acid</scene>, a ''monounsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. Most monounsaturated natural fatty acids are <scene name='60/603296/Oleico/2'>cis-unsaturated</scene>. | ||
**<scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/1'>Linoleic acid</scene>, a ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. This fatty acid has <scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/2'>two double bounds</scene> with ''cis'' configuration. | **<scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/1'>Linoleic acid</scene>, a ''polyunsaturated'' 18 carbon fatty acid. This fatty acid has <scene name='60/603296/Linoleico/2'>two double bounds</scene> with ''cis'' configuration. | ||
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**'''Waxes'''.- for instance <scene name='72/721496/Cera/1'>bee wax</scene>. | **'''Waxes'''.- for instance <scene name='72/721496/Cera/1'>bee wax</scene>. | ||
**<scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/2'>Phosphoglycerides</scene>.- lipids composed of <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/3'>glycerol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/4'>two fatty acids</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/6'>phosphoric acid</scene> and a polar compound like <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/7'>ethanolamine</scene>. | **<scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/2'>Phosphoglycerides</scene>.- lipids composed of <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/3'>glycerol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/4'>two fatty acids</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/6'>phosphoric acid</scene> and a polar compound like <scene name='60/603296/Fosfoglicerido/7'>ethanolamine</scene>. | ||
| - | **'''Sphingolipids'''.- all | + | **'''Sphingolipids'''.- all of them include in their structure the ''amino alcohol'' <scene name='72/721496/Esfingosina/1'>sphingosine</scene>. Sphingosine bind to a fatty acid to yield <scene name='60/603296/Ceramida/1'>ceramide</scene>, the common structural feature of all sphingolipids. |
*'''Unsaponifiable lipids'''.- | *'''Unsaponifiable lipids'''.- | ||
| - | **'''Terpenes'''.- they are polymers of the 5 carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon named <scene name='60/603296/Isopreno/2'> | + | **'''Terpenes'''.- they are polymers of the 5 carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon named <scene name='60/603296/Isopreno/2'>isoprene</scene> (2-methyl-1,3 butadiene). Some terpenes are <scene name='60/603296/Bcaroten/2'>beta-carotene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Licopeno/1'>lycopene</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Geraniol/2'>geraniol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Resveratrol/1'>resveratrol</scene>, and <scene name='60/603296/Thc/1'>tetrahydrocannabinol</scene>. |
**'''Steroids'''.- Some steroids are <scene name='60/603296/Colesterol/1'>cholesterol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Testosterona/1'>testosterone</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Estradiol/1'>estradiol</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Vitaminad/1'>vitamin D</scene> is also a steroid. | **'''Steroids'''.- Some steroids are <scene name='60/603296/Colesterol/1'>cholesterol</scene>, <scene name='60/603296/Testosterona/1'>testosterone</scene> and <scene name='60/603296/Estradiol/1'>estradiol</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Vitaminad/1'>vitamin D</scene> is also a steroid. | ||
**'''Eicosanoids'''.- They are derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acid named <scene name='72/721496/Araquidonico/1'>arachidonic acid</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Prostaglandinas/2'>Prostaglandins</scene> are a class of eicosanoids. | **'''Eicosanoids'''.- They are derived from unsaturated 20 carbon fatty acid named <scene name='72/721496/Araquidonico/1'>arachidonic acid</scene>. <scene name='72/721496/Prostaglandinas/2'>Prostaglandins</scene> are a class of eicosanoids. | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
| + | ==See Also== | ||
| + | * [[Lipids: structure and classification (spanish)|Lípidos: estructura y clasificación]] | ||
| + | * [[Gramicidin Channel in Lipid Bilayer]] / [[Canal de gramicidina en bicapa lipídica (Spanish)]] | ||
| + | * [http://www.umass.edu/microbio/chime/javahelp.htm?img=an_bilw.gif&title=Lipid_Bilayers_and_Membrane_Channel&url=biomodel.uah.es/en/model2/bilayer/inicio.htm&status=both& Lipid bilayers and gramicidin channel] includes models of gel and liquid forms of bilayers. / [http://biomodel.uah.es/model2/bicapa/inicio.htm Modelo de bicapa lipídica y canal de gramicidina] | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
| - | *Molecular models in this page were created or modified from | + | *Molecular models in this page were created or modified from [[PDB files]] by [[User:Alejandro Porto|Alejandro Porto]] using the tool JSME Molecular Editor [http://biomodel.uah.es/en/DIY/JSME/draw.es.htm] |
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Current revision
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See Also
- Lípidos: estructura y clasificación
- Gramicidin Channel in Lipid Bilayer / Canal de gramicidina en bicapa lipídica (Spanish)
- Lipid bilayers and gramicidin channel includes models of gel and liquid forms of bilayers. / Modelo de bicapa lipídica y canal de gramicidina
References
- Molecular models in this page were created or modified from PDB files by Alejandro Porto using the tool JSME Molecular Editor [1]
