Sandbox Wabash09
From Proteopedia
(New page: ==The Mechanism of Trypsin== <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''> This is a default text for your page '''Sandbox Wabash09''...) |
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| + | Composed By:Cameron Brown | ||
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| + | ==CFTR HOMEWORK== | ||
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| + | This <scene name='72/725331/Cftr_conductance/1'>structure</scene> depicts the amino acid residues in mutation sites that affect the conductance of CFTR in cystic fibrosis. These residues are located near the connection of the two amino acid chains that form the quaternary structure of the protein. A possible reason why these mutations affect the ability of CFTR to conduct chloride ions through the channel is because these residues are important in the opening of the channel. The specific tertiary and quaternary shifts are no longer correct if mutations occur at R117, R334, and R347. the ion gate is therefore no longer able to open as effectively due to the changes in residue properties. | ||
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| + | This <scene name='72/725331/Cftr_regulation/1'>structure</scene> also highlights the residues that mutate in cystic fibrosis to affect the regulation of CFTR. These residues are located on both ends of the amino chains which are opposite the ends with the amino acid residues discussed in conductance mutations. A possible reason why mutations at these specific residues cause regulation issues is that these residues are involved in the binding that leads to the structural shift that opens the channel. If regulators are not able to bind to these specific residues after mutation, allowing the opening and closing of the ion channel, then the passage of chloride ions can not be regulated by the cell. | ||
==The Mechanism of Trypsin== | ==The Mechanism of Trypsin== | ||
| - | <StructureSection load=' | + | <StructureSection load='2agg' size='340' side='right' caption='Intermediate of Trypsin catalyzed hydrolysis' scene=''> |
| - | + | Trypsin is a serine protease that works enzymatically by using a mixture of base, acid, and covalent catalysis. The protein uses serine in its active site to interact covalently with the substrate. To create a nucleophilic attack, the histidine 57 group (<scene name='72/725331/His_57_residue/2'>Important Histidine Residue</scene>) activates the serine 195 group via base catalysis and covalent catalysis follows. To complete the formation of a nucleophile, aspartic acid 102 pulls positive charge from histidine 57, completing the <scene name='Sandbox_45/Ctriadd102h57s195/4'>catalytic triad</scene> and forming an effective nucleophile. This forms a <scene name='72/725331/Acyl_intermediate/1'>tetrahedral intermediate</scene>, in which the anionic carbonyl oxygen moves into the active site to a location known as the <scene name='72/725331/Oxyanion_hole/1'>oxyanion hole</scene> <ref>Fundamentals of Biochemistry 3rd Ed.</ref>. The tetrahedral intermediate is followed by acid catalysis from the -NH2 of the of the c-terminus, resulting in a broken peptide bond in the substrate.The transition state from the tetrahedral intermediate is stabilized by Asp 189 interacting with Gly 219 to create a stable <scene name='Sandbox_45/Specificitypocketasp189gly216/2'>specificity pocket</scene>. The acyl-enzyme intermediate is present, and hydrolysis occurs which ultimately releases the c-terminal chain of the substrate and forms a new bond between water and the carbonyl carbon of the enzyme-substrate complex. The covalent C-O bond of the substrate-enzyme complex is broken, and the enzyme is reformed as the product is released <ref>PMID:16636277</ref> | |
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| - | == Function == | ||
| - | == Disease == | ||
| - | == Relevance == | ||
| - | == Structural highlights == | ||
| - | This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes. | ||
| - | </ | + | <references /> |
| - | + | <ref>PMID:16636277</ref> | |
| - | < | + | <ref>Fundamentals of Biochemistry 3rd Ed.</ref> |
Current revision
Composed By:Cameron Brown
CFTR HOMEWORK
This depicts the amino acid residues in mutation sites that affect the conductance of CFTR in cystic fibrosis. These residues are located near the connection of the two amino acid chains that form the quaternary structure of the protein. A possible reason why these mutations affect the ability of CFTR to conduct chloride ions through the channel is because these residues are important in the opening of the channel. The specific tertiary and quaternary shifts are no longer correct if mutations occur at R117, R334, and R347. the ion gate is therefore no longer able to open as effectively due to the changes in residue properties.
This also highlights the residues that mutate in cystic fibrosis to affect the regulation of CFTR. These residues are located on both ends of the amino chains which are opposite the ends with the amino acid residues discussed in conductance mutations. A possible reason why mutations at these specific residues cause regulation issues is that these residues are involved in the binding that leads to the structural shift that opens the channel. If regulators are not able to bind to these specific residues after mutation, allowing the opening and closing of the ion channel, then the passage of chloride ions can not be regulated by the cell.
The Mechanism of Trypsin
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