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Hemolysin

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-{{STRUCTURE_7ahl|  PDB=7ahl  | SIZE=400| SCENE= |right|CAPTION=α-hemolysin heptamer, [[7ahl]] }}
+<StructureSection load='7ahl' size='350' side='right' caption='α-hemolysin heptamer (PDB code [[7ahl]]).' scene=''>
 == Function ==
-'''Hemolysin''' (HL) is exotoxin from bacteria which causes lysis of red blood cells<ref>PMID:20110774</ref>. Hemolysin from the bacterium ''Clostridium'' are called '''alpha-toxin''' (AT).  AT is a zinc metalloenzyme and binds to the membrane in the presence of calcium. It acts as a phospholipase C.
+'''Hemolysin''' (HL) is exotoxin from bacteria which causes lysis of red blood cells<ref>PMID:20110774</ref>. '''α-hemolysin''' from the bacterium ''Clostridium'' are called '''alpha-toxin'''.  They are zinc metalloenzymes which bind to the membrane in the presence of calcium. It acts as a phospholipase C.
 See details for α-hemolysin in [[Pore forming toxin, α-hemolysin]].
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 HL acts as a virulence factor in the pathogenesis of invasive infections<ref>PMID:12564994</ref>.
-== 3D Structures of hemolysin ==
+==3D Printed Physical Model of Hemolysin==
-Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
+Shown below is a 3D printed physical model of Hemolysin. The model is shown in alpha carbon backbone format with each chain colored uniquely.
-{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
-*α-hemolysin
+[[Image:hemolysin1_centerForBioMolecularModeling.jpg|550px]]
+[[Image:hemolysin2_centerForBioMolecularModeling.jpg|550px]]
-**[[3anz]], [[7ahl]] – SaHL-α – ''Staphylococcus aureus''<br />
+====The MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling====
-A full page in Proteopedia exploring [[7ahl]] is found [[Pore_forming_toxin,_α-hemolsyin|here]].<br/>
-**[[3m2l]], [[3m4d]], [[4p24]] - SaHL-α (mutant)<br />
-**[[3m3r]], [[3m4e]] - SaHL-α (mutant) + β-cyclodextrin<br />
-**[[4idj]], [[4u6v]] - SaHL-α + antibody<br />
-*β-hemolysin
+[[Image:CbmUniversityLogo.jpg | left | 150px]]
-**[[3k55]] – SaHL-β)<br />
+The [http://cbm.msoe.edu MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling] uses 3D printing technology to create physical models of protein and molecular structures, making the invisible molecular world more tangible and comprehensible. To view more protein structure models, visit our [http://cbm.msoe.edu/educationalmedia/modelgallery/ Model Gallery].
-**[[3i5v]] - SaHL-β residues 35-330)<br />
-**[[3i41]] - SaHL-β residues 35-330 (mutant)<br />
-**[[3i46]], [[3i48]] - SaHL-β residues 35-330 (mutant)<br /> + metal ion
-*γ-hemolysin
+== 3D Structures of hemolysin ==
-**[[2qk7]] – SaHL-γ component A (mutant) +B (mutant)<br />
-**[[3b07]] - SaHL-γ component A+B<br />
-**[[4p1x]] - SaHL-γ component B (mutant)+C<br />
-**[[4p1y]] - SaHL-γ component A + B (mutant)<br />
-*δ-hemolysin
-**[[2kam]] – SaHL-δ - NMR
-*Hemolysin
-**[[3o44]] – VcHL residues 161-741 – ''Vibrio cholerae''<br />
+[[Hemolysin 3D structures]]
-**[[1xez]] – VcHL (mutant)<br />
-**[[3a57]] – HL 2 – ''Vibrio parahaemolyticus''<br />
-**[[3hvn]] – HL (mutant) – ''Streptococcus suis''<br />
-**[[3fy3]] – HL A residues 30-265 – ''Proteus mirabilis''<br />
-**[[2wcd]] – EcHL E residues 2-303 – ''Escherichia coli''<br />
-**[[1qoy]], [[4pho]], [[4phq]] - EcHL E (mutant)<br />
-**[[1mt0]] – EcHL B ATP-binding domain<br />
-**[[2oai]], [[2r8d]] – HL corc_hlyc domain – ''Xylella fastidiosa''<br />
-**[[2r2z]] – HL residues 346-435 – ''Enterococcus faecalis''<br />
-*Alpha-toxin
+</StructureSection>
-**[[2wxt]], [[1ca1]] - CpAT + Cd + Zn – ''Clostridium perfringens''<br />
-**[[1qm6]], [[1gyg]], [[1kho]] - CpAT + Zn  <br />
-**[[2wy6]], [[2wxu]] – CpAT (mutant) + Ca + Cd + Zn<br />
-**[[1qmd]] - CpAT + Ca + Zn<br />
-**[[1olp]] - AT + Ca + Zn – ''Clostridium absonum''<br />
-**[[2vk9]] - AT – ''Clostridium novyi''<br />
-}}
 == References ==
 <references/>
 [[Category:Topic Page]]

Current revision

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α-hemolysin heptamer (PDB code 7ahl).

Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly

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1 Function
2 Relevance
3 3D Printed Physical Model of Hemolysin
- 3.1 The MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling
4 3D Structures of hemolysin

Function

Hemolysin (HL) is exotoxin from bacteria which causes lysis of red blood cells^[1]. α-hemolysin from the bacterium Clostridium are called alpha-toxin. They are zinc metalloenzymes which bind to the membrane in the presence of calcium. It acts as a phospholipase C.

See details for α-hemolysin in Pore forming toxin, α-hemolysin.

See details of hemolysin E in Molecular Playground/ClyA.

For toxins in Proteopdia see Toxins.

Relevance

HL acts as a virulence factor in the pathogenesis of invasive infections^[2].

3D Printed Physical Model of Hemolysin

Shown below is a 3D printed physical model of Hemolysin. The model is shown in alpha carbon backbone format with each chain colored uniquely.

The MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling

The MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling uses 3D printing technology to create physical models of protein and molecular structures, making the invisible molecular world more tangible and comprehensible. To view more protein structure models, visit our Model Gallery.

3D Structures of hemolysin

Hemolysin 3D structures

References

↑ Mestre MB, Fader CM, Sola C, Colombo MI. Alpha-hemolysin is required for the activation of the autophagic pathway in Staphylococcus aureus-infected cells. Autophagy. 2010 Jan;6(1):110-25. PMID:20110774
↑ Nizet V. Streptococcal beta-hemolysins: genetics and role in disease pathogenesis. Trends Microbiol. 2002 Dec;10(12):575-80. PMID:12564994