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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Sidekick (Sdk) 1 and 2 are related immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion proteins required for appropriate synaptic connections between specific subtypes of retinal neurons. Sdks mediate cell-cell adhesion with homophilic specificity that underlies their neuronal targeting function. Here we report crystal structures of Sdk1 and Sdk2 ectodomain regions, revealing similar homodimers mediated by the four N-terminal immunoglobulin domains (Ig1-4), arranged in a horseshoe conformation. These Ig1-4 horseshoes interact in a novel back-to-back orientation in both homodimers through Ig1:Ig2, Ig1:Ig1 and Ig3:Ig4 interactions. Structure-guided mutagenesis results show that this canonical dimer is required for both Sdk-mediated cell aggregation (via trans interactions) and Sdk clustering in isolated cells (via cis interactions). Sdk1/Sdk2 recognition specificity is encoded across Ig1-4, with Ig1-2 conferring the majority of binding affinity and differential specificity. We suggest that competition between cis and trans interactions provides a novel mechanism to sharpen the specificity of cell-cell interactions.

Molecular basis of sidekick-mediated cell-cell adhesion and specificity.,Goodman KM, Yamagata M, Jin X, Mannepalli S, Katsamba PS, Ahlsen G, Sergeeva AP, Honig B, Sanes JR, Shapiro L Elife. 2016 Sep 19;5. pii: e19058. doi: 10.7554/eLife.19058. PMID:27644106^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.