4gy0

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==Round 18 Arylesterase Variant of Phosphotriesterase==
==Round 18 Arylesterase Variant of Phosphotriesterase==
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<StructureSection load='4gy0' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4gy0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.85&Aring;' scene=''>
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<StructureSection load='4gy0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4gy0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.85&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4gy0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct_sequences Synthetic construct sequences]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4GY0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4GY0 FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4gy0]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_construct Synthetic construct]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4GY0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4GY0 FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.85&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4e3t|4e3t]], [[4gy1|4gy1]]</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryldialkylphosphatase Aryldialkylphosphatase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.1.8.1 3.1.8.1] </span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4gy0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4gy0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4gy0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4gy0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4gy0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4gy0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4gy0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4gy0 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4gy0 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4gy0 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4gy0 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4gy0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
</table>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Function ==
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/OPD_BREDI OPD_BREDI] Has an unusual substrate specificity for synthetic organophosphate triesters and phosphorofluoridates. All of the phosphate triesters found to be substrates are synthetic compounds. The identity of any naturally occurring substrate for the enzyme is unknown. Has no detectable activity with phosphate monoesters or diesters and no activity as an esterase or protease. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the insecticide paraoxon at a rate approaching the diffusion limit and thus appears to be optimally evolved for utilizing this synthetic substrate.
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Optimization processes, such as evolution, are constrained by diminishing returns-the closer the optimum, the smaller the benefit per mutation, and by tradeoffs-improvement of one property at the cost of others. However, the magnitude and molecular basis of these parameters, and their effect on evolutionary transitions, remain unknown. Here we pursue a complete functional transition of an enzyme with a &gt;10(9)-fold change in the enzyme's selectivity using laboratory evolution. We observed strong diminishing returns, with the initial mutations conferring &gt;25-fold higher improvements than later ones, and asymmetric tradeoffs whereby the gain/loss ratio of the new/old activity decreased 400-fold from the beginning of the trajectory to its end. We describe the molecular basis for these phenomena and suggest they have an important role in shaping natural proteins. These findings also suggest that the catalytic efficiency and specificity of many natural enzymes may be far from their optimum.
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Diminishing returns and tradeoffs constrain the laboratory optimization of an enzyme.,Tokuriki N, Jackson CJ, Afriat-Jurnou L, Wyganowski KT, Tang R, Tawfik DS Nat Commun. 2012 Dec 4;3:1257. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2246. PMID:23212386<ref>PMID:23212386</ref>
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4gy0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==See Also==
==See Also==
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*[[Phosphotriesterase|Phosphotriesterase]]
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*[[Phosphotriesterase 3D structures|Phosphotriesterase 3D structures]]
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== References ==
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<references/>
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
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[[Category: Aryldialkylphosphatase]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Synthetic construct sequences]]
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[[Category: Synthetic construct]]
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[[Category: Jackson, C J]]
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[[Category: Jackson CJ]]
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[[Category: Tawfik, D S]]
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[[Category: Tawfik DS]]
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[[Category: Tokuriki, N]]
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[[Category: Tokuriki N]]
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[[Category: Alpha/beta hydrolase]]
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[[Category: Arylesterase]]
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[[Category: Hydrolase]]
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Current revision

Round 18 Arylesterase Variant of Phosphotriesterase

PDB ID 4gy0

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