4v26

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==VER-246608, a novel pan-isoform ATP competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, disrupts Warburg metabolism and induces context- dependent cytostasis in cancer cells==
==VER-246608, a novel pan-isoform ATP competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, disrupts Warburg metabolism and induces context- dependent cytostasis in cancer cells==
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<StructureSection load='4v26' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4v26]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.49&Aring;' scene=''>
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<StructureSection load='4v26' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4v26]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.49&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4v26]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4V26 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4V26 FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4v26]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4V26 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4V26 FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=7TJ:N-[4-(2-CHLORO-5-METHYLPYRIMIDIN-4-YL)PHENYL]-2,4-DIHYDROXY-N-(4-{[(TRIFLUOROACETYL)AMINO]METHYL}BENZYL)BENZAMIDE'>7TJ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TF3:N-(2-AMINOETHYL)-2-{3-CHLORO-4-[(4-ISOPROPYLBENZYL)OXY]PHENYL}+ACETAMIDE'>TF3</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.49&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4v25|4v25]]</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=7TJ:N-[4-(2-CHLORO-5-METHYLPYRIMIDIN-4-YL)PHENYL]-2,4-DIHYDROXY-N-(4-{[(TRIFLUOROACETYL)AMINO]METHYL}BENZYL)BENZAMIDE'>7TJ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TF3:N-(2-AMINOETHYL)-2-{3-CHLORO-4-[(4-ISOPROPYLBENZYL)OXY]PHENYL}+ACETAMIDE'>TF3</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/[Pyruvate_dehydrogenase_(acetyl-transferring)]_kinase [Pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring)] kinase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.11.2 2.7.11.2] </span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4v26 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4v26 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4v26 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4v26 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4v26 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4v26 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4v26 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4v26 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4v26 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4v26 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4v26 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4v26 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PDK2_HUMAN PDK2_HUMAN]] Serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism. Mediates cellular responses to insulin. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels and in metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and in resistance to apoptosis under oxidative stress. Plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis.<ref>PMID:7499431</ref> <ref>PMID:9787110</ref> <ref>PMID:17222789</ref> <ref>PMID:19833728</ref> <ref>PMID:21283817</ref> <ref>PMID:22123926</ref>
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PDK2_HUMAN PDK2_HUMAN] Serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism. Mediates cellular responses to insulin. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels and in metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and in resistance to apoptosis under oxidative stress. Plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis.<ref>PMID:7499431</ref> <ref>PMID:9787110</ref> <ref>PMID:17222789</ref> <ref>PMID:19833728</ref> <ref>PMID:21283817</ref> <ref>PMID:22123926</ref>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) is a pivotal enzyme in cellular energy metabolism that has previously been implicated in cancer through both RNAi based studies and clinical correlations with poor prognosis in several cancer types. Here, we report the discovery of a novel and selective ATP competitive pan-isoform inhibitor of PDK, VER-246608. Consistent with a PDK mediated MOA, VER-246608 increased pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activity, oxygen consumption and attenuated glycolytic activity. However, these effects were only observed under D-glucose-depleted conditions and required almost complete ablation of PDC E1alpha subunit phosphorylation. VER-246608 was weakly anti-proliferative to cancer cells in standard culture media; however, depletion of either serum or combined D-glucose/L-glutamine resulted in enhanced cellular potency. Furthermore, this condition-selective cytostatic effect correlated with reduced intracellular pyruvate levels and an attenuated compensatory response involving deamination of L-alanine. In addition, VER-246608 was found to potentiate the activity of doxorubicin. In contrast, the lipoamide site inhibitor, Nov3r, demonstrated sub-maximal inhibition of PDK activity and no evidence of cellular activity. These studies suggest that PDK inhibition may be effective under the nutrient-depleted conditions found in the tumour microenvironment and that combination treatments should be explored to reveal the full potential of this therapeutic strategy.
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VER-246608, a novel pan-isoform ATP competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, disrupts warburg metabolism and induces context-dependent cytostasis in cancer cells.,Moore JD, Staniszewska A, Shaw T, D'Alessandro J, Davis B, Surgenor A, Baker L, Matassova N, Murray J, Macias A, Brough P, Wood M, Mahon PC Oncotarget. 2014 Nov 2. PMID:25404640<ref>PMID:25404640</ref>
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4v26" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==See Also==
==See Also==
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
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[[Category: Alessandro, J D]]
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[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Baker, L]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Brough, P]]
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[[Category: Baker L]]
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[[Category: Davis, B]]
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[[Category: Brough P]]
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[[Category: Macias, A]]
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[[Category: D'Alessandro J]]
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[[Category: Mahon, P C]]
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[[Category: Davis B]]
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[[Category: Matassova, N]]
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[[Category: Macias A]]
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[[Category: Moore, J D]]
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[[Category: Mahon PC]]
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[[Category: Murray, J]]
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[[Category: Matassova N]]
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[[Category: Shaw, T]]
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[[Category: Moore JD]]
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[[Category: Staniszewska, A]]
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[[Category: Murray J]]
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[[Category: Surgenor, A]]
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[[Category: Shaw T]]
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[[Category: Wood, M]]
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[[Category: Staniszewska A]]
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[[Category: Glycolysis]]
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[[Category: Surgenor A]]
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[[Category: Nov3r]]
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[[Category: Wood M]]
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[[Category: Transferase]]
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[[Category: Warburg metabolism]]
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Current revision

VER-246608, a novel pan-isoform ATP competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, disrupts Warburg metabolism and induces context- dependent cytostasis in cancer cells

PDB ID 4v26

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