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| | ==Crystal structure of human peptidylarginine deiminase type4 (PAD4) in complex with GSK199== | | ==Crystal structure of human peptidylarginine deiminase type4 (PAD4) in complex with GSK199== |
| - | <StructureSection load='4x8g' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4x8g]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.29Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='4x8g' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4x8g]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.29Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4x8g]] is a 1 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4X8G OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4X8G FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4x8g]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4X8G OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4X8G FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3Z0:[(3R)-3-AMINOPIPERIDIN-1-YL][2-(1-ETHYL-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-B]PYRIDIN-2-YL)-7-METHOXY-1-METHYL-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-5-YL]METHANONE'>3Z0</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.29Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4x8c|4x8c]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3Z0:[(3R)-3-AMINOPIPERIDIN-1-YL][2-(1-ETHYL-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-B]PYRIDIN-2-YL)-7-METHOXY-1-METHYL-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-5-YL]METHANONE'>3Z0</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein-arginine_deiminase Protein-arginine deiminase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.5.3.15 3.5.3.15] </span></td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4x8g FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4x8g OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4x8g PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4x8g RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4x8g PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4x8g ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4x8g FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4x8g OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4x8g PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4x8g RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4x8g PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4x8g ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Disease == | | == Disease == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PADI4_HUMAN PADI4_HUMAN]] Genetic variations in PADI4 are a cause of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/180300 180300]]. It is a systemic inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component. It primarily affects the joints and is characterized by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Note=Could have an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by increasing citrullination of proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues, leading, in a cytokine-rich milieu, to a break in tolerance to citrullinated peptides processed and presented in the appropriate HLA context.<ref>PMID:12833157</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PADI4_HUMAN PADI4_HUMAN] Genetic variations in PADI4 are a cause of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/180300 180300]. It is a systemic inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component. It primarily affects the joints and is characterized by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Note=Could have an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by increasing citrullination of proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues, leading, in a cytokine-rich milieu, to a break in tolerance to citrullinated peptides processed and presented in the appropriate HLA context.<ref>PMID:12833157</ref> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PADI4_HUMAN PADI4_HUMAN]] Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins. Citrullinates histone H3 at 'Arg-8' and/or 'Arg-17' and histone H4 at 'Arg-3', which prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1.<ref>PMID:15339660</ref> <ref>PMID:15345777</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PADI4_HUMAN PADI4_HUMAN] Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins. Citrullinates histone H3 at 'Arg-8' and/or 'Arg-17' and histone H4 at 'Arg-3', which prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1.<ref>PMID:15339660</ref> <ref>PMID:15345777</ref> |
| - | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
| + | |
| - | == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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| - | PAD4 has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, cardiovascular and oncological diseases through clinical genetics and gene disruption in mice. New selective PAD4 inhibitors binding a calcium-deficient form of the PAD4 enzyme have validated the critical enzymatic role of human and mouse PAD4 in both histone citrullination and neutrophil extracellular trap formation for, to our knowledge, the first time. The therapeutic potential of PAD4 inhibitors can now be explored.
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| - | Inhibition of PAD4 activity is sufficient to disrupt mouse and human NET formation.,Lewis HD, Liddle J, Coote JE, Atkinson SJ, Barker MD, Bax BD, Bicker KL, Bingham RP, Campbell M, Chen YH, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Davis RP, Eberhard D, Joberty G, Lind KE, Locke K, Maller C, Martinod K, Patten C, Polyakova O, Rise CE, Rudiger M, Sheppard RJ, Slade DJ, Thomas P, Thorpe J, Yao G, Drewes G, Wagner DD, Thompson PR, Prinjha RK, Wilson DM Nat Chem Biol. 2015 Jan 26. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.1735. PMID:25622091<ref>PMID:25622091</ref>
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| - | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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| - | </div>
| + | |
| - | <div class="pdbe-citations 4x8g" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Protein-arginine deiminase]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Bax, B D]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Chung, C W]] | + | [[Category: Bax BD]] |
| - | [[Category: Lewis, H D]] | + | [[Category: Chung C-W]] |
| - | [[Category: Polyakova, O]] | + | [[Category: Lewis HD]] |
| - | [[Category: Thorpe, J]] | + | [[Category: Polyakova O]] |
| - | [[Category: Hydrolase-hydrolase inhibitor complex]]
| + | [[Category: Thorpe J]] |
| Structural highlights
Disease
PADI4_HUMAN Genetic variations in PADI4 are a cause of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [MIM:180300. It is a systemic inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component. It primarily affects the joints and is characterized by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Note=Could have an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by increasing citrullination of proteins in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissues, leading, in a cytokine-rich milieu, to a break in tolerance to citrullinated peptides processed and presented in the appropriate HLA context.[1]
Function
PADI4_HUMAN Catalyzes the citrullination/deimination of arginine residues of proteins. Citrullinates histone H3 at 'Arg-8' and/or 'Arg-17' and histone H4 at 'Arg-3', which prevents their methylation by CARM1 and HRMT1L2/PRMT1 and represses transcription. Citrullinates EP300/P300 at 'Arg-2142', which favors its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1.[2] [3]
References
- ↑ Suzuki A, Yamada R, Chang X, Tokuhiro S, Sawada T, Suzuki M, Nagasaki M, Nakayama-Hamada M, Kawaida R, Ono M, Ohtsuki M, Furukawa H, Yoshino S, Yukioka M, Tohma S, Matsubara T, Wakitani S, Teshima R, Nishioka Y, Sekine A, Iida A, Takahashi A, Tsunoda T, Nakamura Y, Yamamoto K. Functional haplotypes of PADI4, encoding citrullinating enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 4, are associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Genet. 2003 Aug;34(4):395-402. PMID:12833157 doi:10.1038/ng1206
- ↑ Cuthbert GL, Daujat S, Snowden AW, Erdjument-Bromage H, Hagiwara T, Yamada M, Schneider R, Gregory PD, Tempst P, Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T. Histone deimination antagonizes arginine methylation. Cell. 2004 Sep 3;118(5):545-53. PMID:15339660 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.08.020
- ↑ Wang Y, Wysocka J, Sayegh J, Lee YH, Perlin JR, Leonelli L, Sonbuchner LS, McDonald CH, Cook RG, Dou Y, Roeder RG, Clarke S, Stallcup MR, Allis CD, Coonrod SA. Human PAD4 regulates histone arginine methylation levels via demethylimination. Science. 2004 Oct 8;306(5694):279-83. Epub 2004 Sep 2. PMID:15345777 doi:10.1126/science.1101400
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