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Rho GTPase
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| - | <StructureSection load=' | + | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' caption='Human RhoA (magenta) complex with RhoGAP (cyan), GDP, AlF4 and Mg+2 ion (green) (PDB code [[1tx4]])' scene='75/752220/Cv/1' pspeed='8'> |
== Function == | == Function == | ||
| - | '''Rho GTPase''' of higher vertebrates include '''RhoA, RhoB''' | + | '''Rho GTPase''' or '''Rho-related GTP-binding protein''' of higher vertebrates include '''RhoA, RhoB''', '''RhoC''', '''RhoD''' and '''RhoE'''. These proteins share 85% sequence identity. RhoA is the more extensively studied among these three. RhoA regulates a signal transduction phosphorylation pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Rho GTPase operates as a switch cycling between the active GTP-bound form and the inactive GDP-bound one. A number of proteins have been identified as targets of RhoA<ref>PMID:12642488</ref>. '''Mitochondrial Rho GTPase''' ('''Miro''') have tandem GTP-binding domains separated by a linker region containing calcium-binding EF hand motifs indicating a role in mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis<ref>PMID:12482879</ref>. |
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
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== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
| - | + | The <scene name='75/752220/Cv/6'>transition state complex of RhoA and RhoGAP contains GDP, AlF4 and Mg+2 ion</scene><ref>PMID:9338791</ref>. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. | |
| + | *<scene name='75/752220/Cv/7'>GDP binding site</scene> | ||
| + | *<scene name='75/752220/Cv/8'>AlF4 and Mg+2 ion binding site</scene>. | ||
| + | ==3D structures of Rho GTPase== | ||
| + | [[Rho GTPase 3D structures]] | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
| - | ==3D structures of Rho GTPase== | ||
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| - | Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | ||
| - | {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | ||
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| - | *RhoA | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[5ez6]], [[5c4m]], [[5a0f]], [[1dpf]], [[1ftn]] – hRhoA + GDP – human<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1kmq]] – hRhoA (mutant) + GNP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1a2b]] – hRhoA + GSP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3tvd]] – mRhoA + GSP – mouse<br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoA complex with guanine nucleotide exchange factor | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[4xh9]] – hRhoA (mutant) + guanine nucleotide exchange factor NET1<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3t06]], [[1xcg]] – hRhoA (mutant) + guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1lb1]] – hRhoA (mutant) + guanine nucleotide exchange factor Dbs<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3kz1]] – hRhoA + guanine nucleotide exchange factor 11 + GSP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1x86]] – hRhoA + guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12<br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoA complex with Rho GTPase-activating protein | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[5irc]] – hRhoA + Rho GTPase-activating protein 20 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[1ow3]] – hRhoA + Rho GTPase-activating protein 1 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[3msx]] – hRhoA (mutant) + Rho GTPase-activating protein 35 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoA complex with ADP-ribosyltransferase | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[4xsg]] – hRhoA (mutant) + ADP-ribosyltransferase + GTP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[4xsh]] – hRhoA (mutant) + ADP-ribosyltransferase + GSP + NADH<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5bwm]] – hRhoA (mutant) + ADP-ribosyltransferase + GDP + NADH<br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoA other complexes | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[5fr2]], [[5fr1]], [[1cc0]] – hRhoA + Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[5hpy]] – hRhoA (mutant) + unconventional myosin-IXB + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[4xoi]] – hRhoA (mutant) + actin-binding protein anillin + GTP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[4f38]] – mRhoA + Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1 + GPPNP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[4d0n]] – hRhoA + A-kinase anchor protein 13 + GDP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3lw8]], [[3lwn]], [[3lxr]] – hRhoA + IpgB2 + GDP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1s1c]] – hRhoA + ROCKI + GNP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1cxz]] – hRhoA + Pkn/Prk1 + GSP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1tx4]] – hRhoA + RhoGap + GDP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2rgn]] – hRhoA + guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-Q + RhoA/Rac/CDC42 exchange factor + GDP<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5c2k]] – hRhoA/Rac GTPase-activating protein 1 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[5jcp]] – hRhoA/ARAP3 + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoB | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[2fv8]] – hRhoB + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | *RhoC | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[2gcn]] – hRhoC + GDP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[2gco]] – hRhoC + GPPNP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[2gcp]] – hRhoC + GSP <br /> | ||
| - | **[[2gcn]] – hRhoC (mutant) + diaphanous protein homolog 1 + GMPPNP <br /> | ||
| - | }} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
| + | [[Category:Topic Page]] | ||
Current revision
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References
- ↑ Sepp KJ, Auld VJ. RhoA and Rac1 GTPases mediate the dynamic rearrangement of actin in peripheral glia. Development. 2003 May;130(9):1825-35. PMID:12642488
- ↑ Fransson A, Ruusala A, Aspenstrom P. Atypical Rho GTPases have roles in mitochondrial homeostasis and apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 21;278(8):6495-502. Epub 2002 Dec 12. PMID:12482879 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M208609200
- ↑ Zhou J, Hayakawa Y, Wang TC, Bass AJ. RhoA mutations identified in diffuse gastric cancer. Cancer Cell. 2014 Jul 14;26(1):9-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.06.022. PMID:25026207 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2014.06.022
- ↑ Jin L, Burnett AL. RhoA/Rho-kinase in erectile tissue: mechanisms of disease and therapeutic insights. Clin Sci (Lond). 2006 Feb;110(2):153-65. PMID:16411892 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20050255
- ↑ Rittinger K, Walker PA, Eccleston JF, Smerdon SJ, Gamblin SJ. Structure at 1.65 A of RhoA and its GTPase-activating protein in complex with a transition-state analogue. Nature. 1997 Oct 16;389(6652):758-62. PMID:9338791 doi:10.1038/39651
