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| | ==Human farnesyl diphosphate synthase complexed with Mg and risedronate== | | ==Human farnesyl diphosphate synthase complexed with Mg and risedronate== |
| - | <StructureSection load='1yv5' size='340' side='right' caption='[[1yv5]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='1yv5' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1yv5]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1yv5]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1YV5 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1YV5 FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1yv5]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1YV5 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1YV5 FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RIS:1-HYDROXY-2-(3-PYRIDINYL)ETHYLIDENE+BIS-PHOSPHONIC+ACID'>RIS</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1yq7|1yq7]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RIS:1-HYDROXY-2-(3-PYRIDINYL)ETHYLIDENE+BIS-PHOSPHONIC+ACID'>RIS</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">FDPS ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1yv5 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1yv5 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1yv5 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1yv5 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1yv5 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1yv5 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(2E,6E)-farnesyl_diphosphate_synthase (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate synthase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.5.1.10 2.5.1.10] </span></td></tr> | + | |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1yv5 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1yv5 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1yv5 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1yv5 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1yv5 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1yv5 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FPPS_HUMAN FPPS_HUMAN]] Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate. | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FPPS_HUMAN FPPS_HUMAN] Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate. |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| - | *[[Farnesyl diphosphate synthase|Farnesyl diphosphate synthase]] | + | *[[Farnesyl diphosphate synthase 3D structures|Farnesyl diphosphate synthase 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Arrowsmith, C]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Delft, F Von]] | + | [[Category: Arrowsmith C]] |
| - | [[Category: Edwards, A]] | + | [[Category: Edwards A]] |
| - | [[Category: Guo, K]] | + | [[Category: Guo K]] |
| - | [[Category: Kavanagh, K L]] | + | [[Category: Kavanagh KL]] |
| - | [[Category: Oppermann, U]] | + | [[Category: Oppermann U]] |
| - | [[Category: Structural genomic]]
| + | [[Category: Sundstrom M]] |
| - | [[Category: Sundstrom, M]] | + | [[Category: Von Delft F]] |
| - | [[Category: Bisphosphonate]] | + | |
| - | [[Category: Cholesterol synthesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Isoprenoid pathway]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Sgc]]
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| - | [[Category: Transferase]]
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| Structural highlights
Function
FPPS_HUMAN Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Osteoporosis and low bone mass are currently estimated to be a major public health risk affecting >50% of the female population over the age of 50. Because of their bone-selective pharmacokinetics, nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs), currently used as clinical inhibitors of bone-resorption diseases, target osteoclast farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) and inhibit protein prenylation. FPPS, a key branchpoint of the mevalonate pathway, catalyzes the successive condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and geranyl pyrophosphate. To understand the molecular events involved in inhibition of FPPS by N-BPs, we used protein crystallography, enzyme kinetics, and isothermal titration calorimetry. We report here high-resolution x-ray structures of the human enzyme in complexes with risedronate and zoledronate, two of the leading N-BPs in clinical use. These agents bind to the dimethylallyl/geranyl pyrophosphate ligand pocket and induce a conformational change. The interactions of the N-BP cyclic nitrogen with Thr-201 and Lys-200 suggest that these inhibitors achieve potency by positioning their nitrogen in the proposed carbocation-binding site. Kinetic analyses reveal that inhibition is competitive with geranyl pyrophosphate and is of a slow, tight binding character, indicating that isomerization of an initial enzyme-inhibitor complex occurs with inhibitor binding. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicates that binding of N-BPs to the apoenzyme is entropy-driven, presumably through desolvation entropy effects. These experiments reveal the molecular binding characteristics of an important pharmacological target and provide a route for further optimization of these important drugs.
The molecular mechanism of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates as antiosteoporosis drugs.,Kavanagh KL, Guo K, Dunford JE, Wu X, Knapp S, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ, Russell RG, Oppermann U Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7829-34. Epub 2006 May 9. PMID:16684881[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Kavanagh KL, Guo K, Dunford JE, Wu X, Knapp S, Ebetino FH, Rogers MJ, Russell RG, Oppermann U. The molecular mechanism of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates as antiosteoporosis drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7829-34. Epub 2006 May 9. PMID:16684881
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