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| | ==Crystal structure of BAXP168G in complex with an activating antibody== | | ==Crystal structure of BAXP168G in complex with an activating antibody== |
| - | <StructureSection load='5w5x' size='340' side='right' caption='[[5w5x]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50Å' scene=''> | + | <StructureSection load='5w5x' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5w5x]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5w5x]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5W5X OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5W5X FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5w5x]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5W5X OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5W5X FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.502Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PCA:PYROGLUTAMIC+ACID'>PCA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[5w5z|5w5z]], [[5w60|5w60]], [[5w61|5w61]], [[5w62|5w62]], [[5w63|5w63]]</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5w5x FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5w5x OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5w5x PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5w5x RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5w5x PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5w5x ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">BAX, BCL2L4 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
| + | |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5w5x FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5w5x OCA], [http://pdbe.org/5w5x PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5w5x RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5w5x PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5w5x ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BAX_HUMAN BAX_HUMAN]] Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis.<ref>PMID:8358790</ref> <ref>PMID:10772918</ref> <ref>PMID:8521816</ref> <ref>PMID:16113678</ref> <ref>PMID:18948948</ref> <ref>PMID:21199865</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BAX_HUMAN BAX_HUMAN] Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis.<ref>PMID:8358790</ref> <ref>PMID:10772918</ref> <ref>PMID:8521816</ref> <ref>PMID:16113678</ref> <ref>PMID:18948948</ref> <ref>PMID:21199865</ref> |
| | + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
| | + | BAX and BAK are essential mediators of intrinsic apoptosis that permeabilize the mitochondrial outer membrane. BAX activation requires its translocation from cytosol to mitochondria where conformational changes cause its oligomerization. To better understand the critical step of translocation, we examined its blockade by mutation near the C terminus (P168G) or by antibody binding near the N terminus. Similarities in the crystal structures of wild-type and BAX P168G but significant other differences suggest that cytosolic BAX exists as an ensemble of conformers, and that the distribution of conformers within the ensemble determines the different functions of wild-type and mutant proteins. We also describe the structure of BAX in complex with an antibody, 3C10, that inhibits cytosolic BAX by limiting exposure of the membrane-associating helix alpha9, as does the P168G mutation. Our data for both means of BAX inhibition argue for an allosteric model of BAX regulation that derives from properties of the ensemble of conformers. |
| | + | |
| | + | Ensemble Properties of Bax Determine Its Function.,Robin AY, Iyer S, Birkinshaw RW, Sandow J, Wardak A, Luo CS, Shi M, Webb AI, Czabotar PE, Kluck RM, Colman PM Structure. 2018 Aug 4. pii: S0969-2126(18)30252-1. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2018.07.006. PMID:30122452<ref>PMID:30122452</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| | + | </div> |
| | + | <div class="pdbe-citations 5w5x" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[B-cell lymphoma proteins 3D structures|B-cell lymphoma proteins 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| | [[Category: Rattus norvegicus]] | | [[Category: Rattus norvegicus]] |
| - | [[Category: Colman, P M]] | + | [[Category: Colman PM]] |
| - | [[Category: Czabotar, P E]] | + | [[Category: Czabotar PE]] |
| - | [[Category: Robin, A Y]] | + | [[Category: Robin AY]] |
| - | [[Category: Apoptosis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Apoptosis-immune system complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Bax activation]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Fabss']]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Unfolding]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
BAX_HUMAN Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
BAX and BAK are essential mediators of intrinsic apoptosis that permeabilize the mitochondrial outer membrane. BAX activation requires its translocation from cytosol to mitochondria where conformational changes cause its oligomerization. To better understand the critical step of translocation, we examined its blockade by mutation near the C terminus (P168G) or by antibody binding near the N terminus. Similarities in the crystal structures of wild-type and BAX P168G but significant other differences suggest that cytosolic BAX exists as an ensemble of conformers, and that the distribution of conformers within the ensemble determines the different functions of wild-type and mutant proteins. We also describe the structure of BAX in complex with an antibody, 3C10, that inhibits cytosolic BAX by limiting exposure of the membrane-associating helix alpha9, as does the P168G mutation. Our data for both means of BAX inhibition argue for an allosteric model of BAX regulation that derives from properties of the ensemble of conformers.
Ensemble Properties of Bax Determine Its Function.,Robin AY, Iyer S, Birkinshaw RW, Sandow J, Wardak A, Luo CS, Shi M, Webb AI, Czabotar PE, Kluck RM, Colman PM Structure. 2018 Aug 4. pii: S0969-2126(18)30252-1. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2018.07.006. PMID:30122452[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Oltvai ZN, Milliman CL, Korsmeyer SJ. Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programmed cell death. Cell. 1993 Aug 27;74(4):609-19. PMID:8358790
- ↑ Schmitt E, Paquet C, Beauchemin M, Dever-Bertrand J, Bertrand R. Characterization of Bax-sigma, a cell death-inducing isoform of Bax. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Apr 21;270(3):868-79. PMID:10772918 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.2537
- ↑ Chittenden T, Flemington C, Houghton AB, Ebb RG, Gallo GJ, Elangovan B, Chinnadurai G, Lutz RJ. A conserved domain in Bak, distinct from BH1 and BH2, mediates cell death and protein binding functions. EMBO J. 1995 Nov 15;14(22):5589-96. PMID:8521816
- ↑ Zhang H, Kim JK, Edwards CA, Xu Z, Taichman R, Wang CY. Clusterin inhibits apoptosis by interacting with activated Bax. Nat Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;7(9):909-15. Epub 2005 Aug 21. PMID:16113678 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncb1291
- ↑ Gavathiotis E, Suzuki M, Davis ML, Pitter K, Bird GH, Katz SG, Tu HC, Kim H, Cheng EH, Tjandra N, Walensky LD. BAX activation is initiated at a novel interaction site. Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1076-81. PMID:18948948 doi:10.1038/nature07396
- ↑ Czabotar PE, Lee EF, Thompson GV, Wardak AZ, Fairlie WD, Colman PM. Mutation to Bax beyond the BH3 domain disrupts interactions with pro-survival proteins and promotes apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2011 Mar 4;286(9):7123-31. Epub 2011 Jan 3. PMID:21199865 doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.161281
- ↑ Robin AY, Iyer S, Birkinshaw RW, Sandow J, Wardak A, Luo CS, Shi M, Webb AI, Czabotar PE, Kluck RM, Colman PM. Ensemble Properties of Bax Determine Its Function. Structure. 2018 Aug 4. pii: S0969-2126(18)30252-1. doi:, 10.1016/j.str.2018.07.006. PMID:30122452 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2018.07.006
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