User:Cassandra Marsh/Sandbox 1

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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
===Histones===
===Histones===
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone Histones] are a family of basic, positively charged proteins that associate with DNA inside the nucleus to help condense the DNA into [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin chromatin] <ref name="Histones"> Histones | Learn Science at Scitable https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/histone-histones-57</ref>. The nuclear DNA is wrapped around the histone in order to fit in the nucleus. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleosome Nucleosomes] are chromatin beads made up of DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins, or a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_octamer histone octamer] <ref name="Histones" />. Each histone octamer is made up of two copies of four different histone proteins, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H2A H2A], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H2B H2B], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H3 H3] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_H4 H4] <ref name="Histones" />. There are four different examples of modifying histones including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_acetylation_and_deacetylation Histone acetylation, Histone deacetylation], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_methylation Histone methylation] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demethylase Histone demethylation] <ref name="Histones" />.
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone Histones] are a family of basic, positively charged proteins that associate with DNA inside the nucleus to help condense the DNA into [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin chromatin] <ref name="Histones"> Histones | Learn Science at Scitable https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/histone-histones-57</ref>. The nuclear DNA is wrapped around the histone in order to fit in the nucleus. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleosome Nucleosomes] are chromatin beads made up of DNA wrapped around eight histone proteins, or a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_octamer histone octamer] <ref name="Histones" />. Four different examples of modifying histones including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_acetylation_and_deacetylation Histone acetylation, Histone deacetylation], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone_methylation Histone methylation] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demethylase Histone demethylation] <ref name="Histones" />.
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===Histone Deacetylases (HDACs)===
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ε-Amino-lysine acetylation is a type of histone modification that controls the stability of proteins and biological function in eukaryotic cells <ref name="Vanninni">doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401047</ref>. Histone Deacetylation is the reversal process for this acetylation modification. There are different classes of HDACs based on phylogenetic analysis:
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===HDAC8===
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•Class I - HDACs 1-3 and 8, which are homologous to yeast Rpd3
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•Class II - HDACs 4-7, 9 and 10, which are homologous to yeast Hda1
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•Class III - Sirtuin deacetylases
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•Class IV - HDAC 11 <ref name="Vanninni" />.
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HDACs 1-11 are metalloenzymes and require a zinc ion for deacetylation <ref name="Vanninni" />.
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====HDAC8====
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDAC8 Histone Deacetylase 8] is
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HDAC8 Histone Deacetylase 8] is

Current revision

Histone Deacetylase 8 (HDAC 8), H. sapians

HDAC 8 (PDB:2v5w)

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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Histones | Learn Science at Scitable https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/histone-histones-57
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7401047

Student Contributors

  • Cassandra Marsh
  • Courtney Brown
  • Carolyn Hurdle

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Cassandra Marsh

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