Chitinase

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Chitinase A complex with (GlcNac)4 and ethylene glycol (PDB entry 3wh1)

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References

↑ Lee CG, Da Silva CA, Dela Cruz CS, Ahangari F, Ma B, Kang MJ, He CH, Takyar S, Elias JA. Role of chitin and chitinase/chitinase-like proteins in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and injury. Annu Rev Physiol. 2011;73:479-501. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142250. PMID:21054166 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142250
↑ Shuhui L, Mok YK, Wong WS. Role of mammalian chitinases in asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2009;149(4):369-77. doi: 10.1159/000205583. Epub 2009, Mar 17. PMID:19295241 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000205583
↑ Ohnuma T, Umemoto N, Nagata T, Shinya S, Numata T, Taira T, Fukamizo T. Crystal structure of a "loopless" GH19 chitinase in complex with chitin tetrasaccharide spanning the catalytic center. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Feb 25;1844(4):793-802. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.02.013. PMID:24582745 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.02.013

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Chitinase

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Function

Disease

Structural highlights

3D Structures of Chitinase

References

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 == Function ==
-[[Chitinase]]s cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium ([[1ctn]]) and a plant ([[2hvm]]). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed. <ref>PMID:21054166</ref>
+[[Chitinase]]s (Chi) cleave the beta-1-4-glycosidic bond between the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units of which chitin is comprised. Chitinases are present in plants, bacteria and fungi. The first chitinase structures were solved in 1994, from a bacterium ([[1ctn]]) and a plant ([[2hvm]]). A mechanism for chitin cleavage was proposed based on several structures and was later confirmed. <ref>PMID:21054166</ref>. <br />
+* '''Chitinase I''' is found in plants.<br />
+* '''Chitinase II''' is found in plants, fungi and bacteria.<br />
+* '''Chitinase III''' has no sequence similarity to class I or II.<br />
+* '''Chitinase IV''' has similar characteristics to class I but are smaller than it.<br />
 ==Disease ==
-Chi is related to allergies and asthma.
+Chi is related to allergies and asthma<ref>PMID:19295241</ref>.
 == Structural highlights ==
-The <scene name='27/271631/Cv/5'>chitin tetrasaccharide binding site</scene> of Chitinase A.<ref>PMID:24582745</ref>
+The <scene name='27/271631/Cv/5'>chitin tetrasaccharide binding site</scene> of Chitinase A. <ref>PMID:24582745</ref> Water molecules are shown as red spheres.
 == 3D Structures of Chitinase ==
@@ Line 17: / Line 21: @@
 </StructureSection>
-== 3D Structures of Chitinase ==
-Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}}
-{{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0|
-*Chitinase I or chitotriosidase I
-**[[5hbf]] – hChi - human<br />
-**[[4wjx]], [[4wka]] – hChi catalytic domain<br />
-**[[3aro]], [[3b8s]] – VhChi residues 22-597 – ''Vibrio harveyi''<br />
-**[[3b9e]] - VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant)<br />
-**[[1k85]] – BcChi fibronectin domain – ''Bacillus circulans'' – NMR<br />
-**[[1itx]] - BcChi catalytic domain<br />
-**[[1ed7]] – BcChi chitin-binding domain - NMR<br />
-**[[1ll6]], [[1ll7]] - CiChi residues 36-427 (mutant) – ''Coccicioides immitis'' <br />
-**[[1d2k]] - CiChi residues 36-427<br />
-**[[3n11]] – BcChi – ''Bacillus cereus''<br />
-**[[3iwr]], [[2dkv]] – Chi residues 33-340 – Japanese rice<br />
-**[[3g6l]] - BoChi residues 21-426 – ''Bionectria ochroleuca''<br />
-**[[3oa5]], [[4dws]], [[4a5q]] – Chi – ''Yersinia entomophaga''<br />
-**[[4mpi]] – HbChi chitin-binding domain – ''Hevea brasiliensis''<br />
-**[[4mst]] – HbChi catalytic domain <br />
-**[[4tx7]] – Chi – yard-long bean<br />
-*''Chitinase I binary complex''
-**[[3arp]], [[3arq]], [[3arr]], [[3ars]], [[3art]], [[3aru]], [[3arv]], [[3arw]], [[3arx]], [[3ary]], [[3arz]] – VhChi residues 22-597 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[3as0]], [[3as1]], [[3as2]], [[3as3]] – VhChi residues 22-597 (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
-**[[3b9a]], [[3b9d]] - VhChi residues 22-597 + polysaccharide<br />
-**[[2xvn]], [[2xuc]] – AfChi residues 29-307 + inhibitor – ''Aspergillus fumigatus''<br />
-**[[3n13]], [[3n15]], [[3n17]], [[3n18]] – BcChi (mutant) + NAG<br />
-**[[3n12]] – BcChi + Zn<br />
-**[[3n1a]] - BcChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
-**[[3g6m]] - BoChi residues 21-426 + caffeine<br />
-**[[1waw]], [[1wb0]], [[4wk9]], [[4wkf]], [[4wkh]] – hChi catalytic domain + polypeptide – human<br />
-**[[1hkk]], [[1hkm]], [[3rm4]], [[3rm8]], [[3rm9]], [[3rme]], [[5nrf]], [[5nra]], [[5nr8] – hChi catalytic domain + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1ll4]] - CiChi residues 36-427 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[3wl1]], [[3wqv]], [[3wqw]] – cbChi + GlcNAC<br />
-**[[3wl0]] – cbChi (mutant) + GlcNAC<br />
-*Chitinase II
-**[[1e15]], [[3wd0]] - SmChi<br />
-**[[1ogb]], [[1goi]], [[1e6p]] - SmChi (mutant)<br />
-**[[1kfw]] – Chi catalytic domain – Arthrobacter<br />
-**[[1dxj]] – Chi – Jack bean<br />
-**[[5y29]] – OfChi catalytic domain 1 residues 1606-1992 – ''Ostrinia furnacalis''<br />
-**[[5y2a]] – OfChi catalytic domain 2 residues 2056-2438<br />
-*''Chitinase II binary complex''
-**[[1ogg]], [[1ur9]] - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1e6n]] - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
-**[[1ur8]], [[1gpf]], [[1e6r]], [[3wd1]], [[3wd2]], [[3wd3]], [[3wd4]] - SmChi + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1e6z]] – SmChi + intermediate<br />
-**[[2a3a]], [[2a3b]], [[2a3c]], [[2a3e]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1w1p]], [[1w1t]], [[1w1v]], [[1w1y]], [[1o6i]], [[1h0g]], [[1h0i]] – SmChi + polypeptide<br />
-**[[5y2b]] – OfChi catalytic domain 1 + acetylchitooctaose<br />
-**[[5y2c]] – OfChi catalytic domain 2 (mutant)  + acetylchitooctaose<br />
-*Chitinase III
-**[[2dbt]], [[1wvu]] – SgChi residues 30-294 – ''Streptomyces griseus''<br />
-**[[1wvv]] - SgChi residues 30-294 (mutant)<br />
-**[[2d49]] – SgChi chitin-binding domain - NMR<br />
-**[[2xvp]] – AfChi<br />
-**[[2xtk]], [[4tx6]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
-**[[4toq]] – Chi - pomegrenate<br />
-**[[5wup]] – OfChi residues 1-482<br />
-**[[5wv8]] – OfChi residues 1-482 (mutant)<br />
-**[[5wv9]] – OfChi residues 1-482 + GlcNAc<br />
-**[[5wvb]] – OfChi residues 1-482 (mutant) + GlcNAc<br />
-**[[5wus]] – OfChi residues 528-987<br />
-**[[5wvf]] – OfChi residues 528-987 (mutant)<br />
-**[[5wvh]] – OfChi residues 528-987 + GlcNAc<br />
-**[[5wvg]] – OfChi residues 528-987 (mutant) + GlcNAc<br />
-*Chitinase IV
-**[[3hbd]], [[3hbe]], [[3hbh]] - Chi catalytic domain – Norway spruce<br />
-**[[4mck]] – Chi - maize<br />
-**[[5h7t]] – Chi chitinase domain – Japanese cedar<br />
-*Chitinase V
-**[[3alf]] – tChi residues 26-377 – tobacco<br />
-*''Chitinase V binary complex''
-**[[3alg]] - tChi residues 26-377 (mutant) + NAG<br />
-**[[3chc]], [[3chd]], [[3che]], [[3chf]] - AfChi + polypeptide<br />
-**[[3ch9]], [[2iuz]] – AfChi + inhibitor<br />
-*Chitinase VIII
-**[[2cjl]] - Chi residues 41-244 – ''Streptomyces coelicolor''<br />
-*Chitinase XVIII
-**[[3sim]] – Chi – ''Crocus vernus''
-*Chitinase A
-**[[3wh1]], [[3wij]] – BcChiA + GlcNAC – ''Bryum coronatum''<br />
-**[[4ij4]] – BcChiA (mutant) + GlcNAC <br />
-**[[4mnj]], [[4r5e]] – spChiA – sago palm<br />
-**[[4mnk]] – spChiA + GlcNAC<br />
-**[[4mnl]], [[4mnm]] – spChiA (mutant) + GlcNAC<br />
-**[[5dez]] – ApChiA + NAG – ''Autographa polyhedrosis''<br />
-**[[5df0]] – ApChiA + NAG + chitotriothiazoline<br />
-**[[5bum]] – ChiA LYSM domain – field horsetail<br />
-**[[1edq]], [[1ctn]], [[5zl9]], [[5z7o]], [[5z7n]], [[5z7m]] - SmChiA – ''Serratia marcescens''<br />
-**[[1x6l]], [[1rd6]] – SmChiA (mutant)<br />
-**[[1x6n]] - SmChi (mutant) + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1ffq]], [[2wk2]], [[2wly]], [[2wlz]], [[2wm0]] - SmChi + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1nh6]], [[1k9t]], [[1ffr]], [[1eib]], [[1ehn]] - SmChi (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
-**[[4pxv]], [[5ylg]] – PrChiA LYSM domain – ''Pteris ryukuensis''<br />
-**[[4rl3]] – PrChiA catalytic domain <br />
-*Chitinase B
-**[[4z2g]], [[4z2h]], [[4z2i]], [[4z2j]], [[4z2k]], [[4z2l]] – SmChiB + inhibitor<br />
-*Chitinase C
-**[[4dyg]] – RyChiC + NAG – Rye<br />
-**[[4dwx]] - RyChiC<br />
-**[[4j0l]] – RyChiC + GlcNAC<br />
-**[[4axn]] – SmChiC<br />
-* Chitinase H
-**[[3w4r]], [[5gpr]] – cbChiH – corn borer<br />
-**[[3wkz]] – cbChiH (mutant)<br />
-**[[5gqb]] – cbChiH + chitohepatose<br />
-*Other chitinases
-**[[1wno]], [[1w9p]] - AfChi<br />
-**[[2dsk]] - PfChi catalytic domain – ''Pyrococcus furiosus''<br />
-**[[3afb]] - PfChi catalytic domain (mutant)<br />
-**[[1cns]] – Chi – ''Hordeum vulgare''<br />
-**[[2czn]], [[2rts]] - PfChi chitin-binding domain – NMR<br />
-**[[2cwr]] - PfChi chitin-binding domain<br />
-**[[3ian]] – Chi (mutant) – ''Lactococcus lactis''<br />
-**[[3fxy]] - hChi catalytic domain<br />
-**[[1lq0]] - hChi residues 22-286<br />
-**[[1guv]] - hChi residues 22-387<br />
-**[[3fnd]], [[3co4]] – Chi – ''Bacteroides thetaiotamicron''<br />
-**[[3cql]] – Chi – ''Carica papaya''<br />
-**[[2z37]] - BjChi catalytic domain – ''Brassica juncea''<br />
-**[[2z39]] – BjChi catalytic domain (mutant)<br />
-**[[2uy2]] – yChi residues 22-315 – yeast<br />
-**[[4hmc]] – MmChi 60 – ''Moritella marina''<br />
-**[[4mb3]] – MmChi 60 (mutant)<br />
-**[[3w3e]] – Chi – cowpea<br />
-**[[3w6b]] – RaChi catalytic domain – ''Ralstonia''<br />
-**[[3w6e]] – RaChi catalytic domain (mutant) <br />
-**[[4w5z]] – Chi 60 catalytic domain – ''Vibrio marinus''<br />
-**[[5kz6]] – Chi – ''Bacillus anthracis''<br />
-**[[5gzt]], [[5gzv]], [[5gzu]] – ChiW – ''Paeniacillus'' <br />
-**[[5dhd]] – TkChi CHBD2 domain – ''Thermococcus kodakarensis''<br />
-**[[5dhe]] – TkChi CHBD3 domain <br />
-**[[5aa7]] – Chi polusaccharide monooxygenase domain – ''Jonesia dentrificans''<br />
-**[[4w5u]] – Chi 40 – ''Streptomyces thermoviolaceus''<br />
-**[[4txg]] – Chi  – ''Chromobacterium violaceum''<br />
-**[[5vg0]] – JdChi – ''Jonesia denitrificans''<br />
-**[[5vg1]] – JdChi – Neutron<br />
-**[[5k2l]] – Chi LYSM domain – ''Volvox carteri''<br />
-**[[6idn]] – Chi – ''Ipomoea carnea''<br />
-**[[6g9c]], [[6g9e]] – Chi – pig whipworm<br />
-**[[6bt9]] – Chi – ''Bacillus thuringesis''<br />
-**[[5yuq]], [[5xwq]], [[5xwf]] – Chi – ''Rhizomucor miehei''<br />
-*''Other chitinases  binary complex''
-**[[3a4w]], [[3a4x]] – PfChi catalytic domain (mutant) + NAG<br />
-**[[1lg1]] - hChi residues 22-387 + chitobiose<br />
-**[[1lg2]] - hChi residues 22-387 + ethylene glycol<br />
-**[[3fy1]], [[2ybt]], [[2ybu]] - hChi catalytic domain + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1hki]], [[1hkj]] - hChi + inhibitor<br />
-**[[2z38]] - BjChi catalytic domain + Cl<br />
-**[[2uy3]], [[2uy4]], [[2uy5]] - yChi residues 22-315 + inhibitor<br />
-**[[1w9v]], [[1w9u]] - AfChi + polypeptide<br />
-**[[4hmd]] – MmChi 60 + intermediate<br />
-**[[4hme]] – MmChi 60 + NAG<br />
-**[[4mb4]], [[4mb5]] – MmChi 60 (mutant) + NAG<br />
-**[[3w6c]] – RaChi catalytic domain + disaccharide<br />
-**[[3w6d]], [[3w6f]] – RaChi catalytic domain (mutant) + polysaccharide<br />
-**[[5xsv]] - TcChi residues 321-805 – ''Thermococcus chitonophagus''<br />
-**[[5xsx]], [[5xsw]] - TcChi residues 321-805 + substrate <br />
-}}
 == References ==
 <references/>
 [[Category:Topic Page]]