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| | <StructureSection load='1y0s' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1y0s]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.65Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='1y0s' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1y0s]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.65Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1y0s]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1Y0S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1Y0S FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1y0s]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1Y0S OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1Y0S FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=331:(2S)-2-(4-[2-(3-[2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL]-1-HEPTYLUREIDO)ETHYL]PHENOXY)-2-METHYLBUTYRIC+ACID'>331</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=B7G:HEPTYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE'>B7G</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.65Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1y0s FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1y0s OCA], [http://pdbe.org/1y0s PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1y0s RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1y0s PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1y0s ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=331:(2S)-2-(4-[2-(3-[2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL]-1-HEPTYLUREIDO)ETHYL]PHENOXY)-2-METHYLBUTYRIC+ACID'>331</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=B7G:HEPTYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE'>B7G</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene></td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1y0s FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1y0s OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1y0s PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1y0s RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1y0s PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1y0s ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARD_HUMAN PPARD_HUMAN]] Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Has a preference for poly-unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-linoleic acid and eicosapentanoic acid. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to promoter elements of target genes. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the acyl-CoA oxidase gene. Decreases expression of NPC1L1 once activated by a ligand.<ref>PMID:1333051</ref> <ref>PMID:15604518</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPARD_HUMAN PPARD_HUMAN] Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Has a preference for poly-unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-linoleic acid and eicosapentanoic acid. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to promoter elements of target genes. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the acyl-CoA oxidase gene. Decreases expression of NPC1L1 once activated by a ligand.<ref>PMID:1333051</ref> <ref>PMID:15604518</ref> |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| - | *[[Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 3D structures|Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase 3D structures]] | + | *[[Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures|Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Evans, R M]] | + | [[Category: Evans RM]] |
| - | [[Category: Kliewer, S A]] | + | [[Category: Kliewer SA]] |
| - | [[Category: Lambert, M H]] | + | [[Category: Lambert MH]] |
| - | [[Category: Montana, V G]] | + | [[Category: Montana VG]] |
| - | [[Category: Takada, I]] | + | [[Category: Takada I]] |
| - | [[Category: Umesono, K]] | + | [[Category: Umesono K]] |
| - | [[Category: Xu, H E]] | + | [[Category: Xu HE]] |
| - | [[Category: Xu, R X]] | + | [[Category: Xu RX]] |
| - | [[Category: Yu, R T]] | + | [[Category: Yu RT]] |
| - | [[Category: Hormone-growth factor receptor complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Ppar]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
PPARD_HUMAN Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Has a preference for poly-unsaturated fatty acids, such as gamma-linoleic acid and eicosapentanoic acid. Once activated by a ligand, the receptor binds to promoter elements of target genes. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the acyl-CoA oxidase gene. Decreases expression of NPC1L1 once activated by a ligand.[1] [2]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Three pharmacologically important nuclear receptors, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs alpha, gamma, and delta), mediate key transcriptional responses involved in lipid homeostasis. The PPAR alpha and gamma subtypes are well conserved from Xenopus to man, but the beta/delta subtypes display substantial species variations in both structure and ligand activation profiles. Characterization of the avian cognates revealed a close relationship between chick (c) alpha and gamma subtypes to their mammalian counterparts, whereas the third chicken subtype was intermediate to Xenopus (x) beta and mammalian delta, establishing that beta and delta are orthologs. Like xPPAR beta, cPPAR beta responded efficiently to hypolipidemic compounds that fail to activate the human counterpart. This provided the opportunity to address the pharmacological problem as to how drug selectivity is achieved and the more global evolutionary question as to the minimal changes needed to generate a new class of receptor. X-ray crystallography and chimeric analyses combined with site-directed mutagenesis of avian and mammalian cognates revealed that a Met to Val change at residue 417 was sufficient to switch the human and chick phenotype. These results establish that the genetic drive to evolve a novel and functionally selectable receptor can be modulated by a single amino acid change and suggest how nuclear receptors can accommodate natural variation in species physiology.
Alteration of a single amino acid in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha) generates a PPAR delta phenotype.,Takada I, Yu RT, Xu HE, Lambert MH, Montana VG, Kliewer SA, Evans RM, Umesono K Mol Endocrinol. 2000 May;14(5):733-40. PMID:10809235[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Schmidt A, Endo N, Rutledge SJ, Vogel R, Shinar D, Rodan GA. Identification of a new member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily that is activated by a peroxisome proliferator and fatty acids. Mol Endocrinol. 1992 Oct;6(10):1634-41. PMID:1333051 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/mend.6.10.1333051
- ↑ van der Veen JN, Kruit JK, Havinga R, Baller JF, Chimini G, Lestavel S, Staels B, Groot PH, Groen AK, Kuipers F. Reduced cholesterol absorption upon PPARdelta activation coincides with decreased intestinal expression of NPC1L1. J Lipid Res. 2005 Mar;46(3):526-34. Epub 2004 Dec 16. PMID:15604518 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M400400-JLR200
- ↑ Takada I, Yu RT, Xu HE, Lambert MH, Montana VG, Kliewer SA, Evans RM, Umesono K. Alteration of a single amino acid in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR alpha) generates a PPAR delta phenotype. Mol Endocrinol. 2000 May;14(5):733-40. PMID:10809235
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