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| | <StructureSection load='6qec' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6qec]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='6qec' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6qec]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6qec]] is a 3 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6QEC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6QEC FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6qec]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabidopsis_thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6QEC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6QEC FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[5lxu|5lxu]]</td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6qec FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6qec OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6qec PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6qec RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6qec PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6qec ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6qec FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6qec OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6qec PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6qec RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6qec PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6qec ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PCL1_ARATH PCL1_ARATH]] Transcription factor that is essential for the generation of the circadian clock oscillation. Is necessary for activation of CCA1 and LHY expression. Is coregulated with TOC1 and seems to be repressed by CCA1 and LHY by direct binding of these proteins to the evening element in the LUX promoter. Directly regulates the expression of PRR9, a major component of the morning transcriptional feedback circuit, by binding specific sites on PRR9 promoter. Binds to its own promoter, inducing a negative auto-regulatory feedback loop within the core clock. Binds to ELF3 and associates with ELF4 in a diurnal complex which is required for the expression of the growth-promoting transcription factors PIF4 and PIF5 and subsequent hypocotyl growth in the early evening.<ref>PMID:16006522</ref> <ref>PMID:16164597</ref> <ref>PMID:21236673</ref> <ref>PMID:21753751</ref> <ref>PMID:22311777</ref> | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PCL1_ARATH PCL1_ARATH] Transcription factor that is essential for the generation of the circadian clock oscillation. Is necessary for activation of CCA1 and LHY expression. Is coregulated with TOC1 and seems to be repressed by CCA1 and LHY by direct binding of these proteins to the evening element in the LUX promoter. Directly regulates the expression of PRR9, a major component of the morning transcriptional feedback circuit, by binding specific sites on PRR9 promoter. Binds to its own promoter, inducing a negative auto-regulatory feedback loop within the core clock. Binds to ELF3 and associates with ELF4 in a diurnal complex which is required for the expression of the growth-promoting transcription factors PIF4 and PIF5 and subsequent hypocotyl growth in the early evening.<ref>PMID:16006522</ref> <ref>PMID:16164597</ref> <ref>PMID:21236673</ref> <ref>PMID:21753751</ref> <ref>PMID:22311777</ref> |
| | + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
| | + | The Evening Complex (EC), composed of the DNA binding protein LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) and two additional proteins EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) and ELF4, is a transcriptional repressor complex and a core component of the plant circadian clock. In addition to maintaining oscillations in clock gene expression, the EC also participates in temperature and light entrainment, acting as an important environmental sensor and conveying this information to growth and developmental pathways. However, the molecular basis for EC DNA binding specificity and temperature-dependent activity were not known. Here, we solved the structure of the DNA binding domain of LUX in complex with DNA. Residues critical for high-affinity binding and direct base readout were determined and tested via site-directed mutagenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using extensive in vitro DNA binding assays of LUX alone and in complex with ELF3 and ELF4, we demonstrate that, while LUX alone binds DNA with high affinity, the LUX-ELF3 complex is a relatively poor binder of DNA. ELF4 restores binding to the complex. In vitro, the full EC is able to act as a direct thermosensor, with stronger DNA binding at 4 degrees C and weaker binding at 27 degrees C. In addition, an excess of ELF4 is able to restore EC binding even at 27 degrees C. Taken together, these data suggest that ELF4 is a key modulator of thermosensitive EC activity. |
| | + | |
| | + | Molecular mechanisms of Evening Complex activity in Arabidopsis.,Silva CS, Nayak A, Lai X, Hutin S, Hugouvieux V, Jung JH, Lopez-Vidriero I, Franco-Zorrilla JM, Panigrahi KCS, Nanao MH, Wigge PA, Zubieta C Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Mar 24;117(12):6901-6909. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1920972117. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID:32165537<ref>PMID:32165537</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| | + | </div> |
| | + | <div class="pdbe-citations 6qec" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| | + | [[Category: Arabidopsis thaliana]] |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Nayak, A]] | + | [[Category: Nayak A]] |
| - | [[Category: Zubieta, C]] | + | [[Category: Zubieta C]] |
| - | [[Category: Circadian clock protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Protein-dna complex myb domain]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
PCL1_ARATH Transcription factor that is essential for the generation of the circadian clock oscillation. Is necessary for activation of CCA1 and LHY expression. Is coregulated with TOC1 and seems to be repressed by CCA1 and LHY by direct binding of these proteins to the evening element in the LUX promoter. Directly regulates the expression of PRR9, a major component of the morning transcriptional feedback circuit, by binding specific sites on PRR9 promoter. Binds to its own promoter, inducing a negative auto-regulatory feedback loop within the core clock. Binds to ELF3 and associates with ELF4 in a diurnal complex which is required for the expression of the growth-promoting transcription factors PIF4 and PIF5 and subsequent hypocotyl growth in the early evening.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The Evening Complex (EC), composed of the DNA binding protein LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) and two additional proteins EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) and ELF4, is a transcriptional repressor complex and a core component of the plant circadian clock. In addition to maintaining oscillations in clock gene expression, the EC also participates in temperature and light entrainment, acting as an important environmental sensor and conveying this information to growth and developmental pathways. However, the molecular basis for EC DNA binding specificity and temperature-dependent activity were not known. Here, we solved the structure of the DNA binding domain of LUX in complex with DNA. Residues critical for high-affinity binding and direct base readout were determined and tested via site-directed mutagenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using extensive in vitro DNA binding assays of LUX alone and in complex with ELF3 and ELF4, we demonstrate that, while LUX alone binds DNA with high affinity, the LUX-ELF3 complex is a relatively poor binder of DNA. ELF4 restores binding to the complex. In vitro, the full EC is able to act as a direct thermosensor, with stronger DNA binding at 4 degrees C and weaker binding at 27 degrees C. In addition, an excess of ELF4 is able to restore EC binding even at 27 degrees C. Taken together, these data suggest that ELF4 is a key modulator of thermosensitive EC activity.
Molecular mechanisms of Evening Complex activity in Arabidopsis.,Silva CS, Nayak A, Lai X, Hutin S, Hugouvieux V, Jung JH, Lopez-Vidriero I, Franco-Zorrilla JM, Panigrahi KCS, Nanao MH, Wigge PA, Zubieta C Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Mar 24;117(12):6901-6909. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1920972117. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID:32165537[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Hazen SP, Schultz TF, Pruneda-Paz JL, Borevitz JO, Ecker JR, Kay SA. LUX ARRHYTHMO encodes a Myb domain protein essential for circadian rhythms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 19;102(29):10387-92. Epub 2005 Jul 8. PMID:16006522 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503029102
- ↑ Onai K, Ishiura M. PHYTOCLOCK 1 encoding a novel GARP protein essential for the Arabidopsis circadian clock. Genes Cells. 2005 Oct;10(10):963-72. PMID:16164597 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2443.2005.00892.x
- ↑ Helfer A, Nusinow DA, Chow BY, Gehrke AR, Bulyk ML, Kay SA. LUX ARRHYTHMO encodes a nighttime repressor of circadian gene expression in the Arabidopsis core clock. Curr Biol. 2011 Jan 25;21(2):126-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.12.021. Epub 2011, Jan 13. PMID:21236673 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2010.12.021
- ↑ Nusinow DA, Helfer A, Hamilton EE, King JJ, Imaizumi T, Schultz TF, Farre EM, Kay SA. The ELF4-ELF3-LUX complex links the circadian clock to diurnal control of hypocotyl growth. Nature. 2011 Jul 13;475(7356):398-402. doi: 10.1038/nature10182. PMID:21753751 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10182
- ↑ Sellaro R, Pacin M, Casal JJ. Diurnal dependence of growth responses to shade in Arabidopsis: role of hormone, clock, and light signaling. Mol Plant. 2012 May;5(3):619-28. doi: 10.1093/mp/ssr122. Epub 2012 Feb 6. PMID:22311777 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mp/ssr122
- ↑ Silva CS, Nayak A, Lai X, Hutin S, Hugouvieux V, Jung JH, Lopez-Vidriero I, Franco-Zorrilla JM, Panigrahi KCS, Nanao MH, Wigge PA, Zubieta C. Molecular mechanisms of Evening Complex activity in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Mar 24;117(12):6901-6909. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1920972117. Epub 2020 Mar 12. PMID:32165537 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920972117
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