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| | <SX load='6vw1' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6vw1]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.68Å' scene=''> | | <SX load='6vw1' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[6vw1]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.68Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6vw1]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cvhsa Cvhsa] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6VW1 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6VW1 FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6vw1]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_acute_respiratory_syndrome-related_coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6VW1 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6VW1 FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.68Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">ACE2, UNQ868/PRO1885 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), S, 2 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=694009 CVHSA])</td></tr>
| + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6vw1 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6vw1 OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6vw1 PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6vw1 RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6vw1 PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6vw1 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6vw1 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6vw1 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6vw1 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6vw1 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6vw1 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6vw1 ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE2_HUMAN ACE2_HUMAN]] Carboxypeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. Also able to hydrolyze apelin-13 and dynorphin-13 with high efficiency. May be an important regulator of heart function. In case of human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63 infections, serve as functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of both coronaviruses.<ref>PMID:10969042</ref> <ref>PMID:10924499</ref> <ref>PMID:14647384</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SPIKE_CVHSA SPIKE_CVHSA]] S1 attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with human ACE2 and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR, initiating the infection. Binding to the receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell probably induces conformational changes in the S glycoprotein. Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes. S2 is a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACE2_HUMAN ACE2_HUMAN] Carboxypeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. Also able to hydrolyze apelin-13 and dynorphin-13 with high efficiency. May be an important regulator of heart function. In case of human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63 infections, serve as functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of both coronaviruses.<ref>PMID:10969042</ref> <ref>PMID:10924499</ref> <ref>PMID:14647384</ref> |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | </div> | | </div> |
| | <div class="pdbe-citations 6vw1" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> | | <div class="pdbe-citations 6vw1" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 3D structures|Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 3D structures]] |
| | == References == | | == References == |
| | <references/> | | <references/> |
| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </SX> | | </SX> |
| - | [[Category: Cvhsa]] | + | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
| - | [[Category: Human]]
| + | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Aihara, H]] | + | [[Category: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] |
| - | [[Category: Li, F]] | + | [[Category: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus]] |
| - | [[Category: Shang, J]] | + | [[Category: Aihara H]] |
| - | [[Category: Shi, K]] | + | [[Category: Li F]] |
| - | [[Category: Wan, Y S]] | + | [[Category: Shang J]] |
| - | [[Category: Ye, G]] | + | [[Category: Shi K]] |
| - | [[Category: Cell invasion]] | + | [[Category: Wan YS]] |
| - | [[Category: Coronavirus]] | + | [[Category: Ye G]] |
| Structural highlights
Function
ACE2_HUMAN Carboxypeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. Also able to hydrolyze apelin-13 and dynorphin-13 with high efficiency. May be an important regulator of heart function. In case of human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63 infections, serve as functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of both coronaviruses.[1] [2] [3]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
A novel SARS-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) recently emerged and is rapidly spreading in humans(1,2). A key to tackling this epidemic is to understand the virus's receptor recognition mechanism, which regulates its infectivity, pathogenesis and host range. SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV recognize the same receptor - human ACE2 (hACE2)(3,4). Here we determined the crystal structure of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) (engineered to facilitate crystallization) in complex with hACE2. Compared with the SARS-CoV RBD, a hACE2-binding ridge in SARS-CoV-2 RBD takes a more compact conformation; moreover, several residue changes in SARS-CoV-2 RBD stabilize two virus-binding hotspots at the RBD/hACE2 interface. These structural features of SARS-CoV-2 RBD enhance its hACE2-binding affinity. Additionally, we show that RaTG13, a bat coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2, also uses hACE2 as its receptor. The differences among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and RaTG13 in hACE2 recognition shed light on potential animal-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides guidance for intervention strategies targeting receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2.
Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2.,Shang J, Ye G, Shi K, Wan Y, Luo C, Aihara H, Geng Q, Auerbach A, Li F Nature. 2020 Mar 30. pii: 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y. doi:, 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y. PMID:32225175[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Donoghue M, Hsieh F, Baronas E, Godbout K, Gosselin M, Stagliano N, Donovan M, Woolf B, Robison K, Jeyaseelan R, Breitbart RE, Acton S. A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9. Circ Res. 2000 Sep 1;87(5):E1-9. PMID:10969042
- ↑ Tipnis SR, Hooper NM, Hyde R, Karran E, Christie G, Turner AJ. A human homolog of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Cloning and functional expression as a captopril-insensitive carboxypeptidase. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 27;275(43):33238-43. PMID:10924499 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M002615200
- ↑ Li W, Moore MJ, Vasilieva N, Sui J, Wong SK, Berne MA, Somasundaran M, Sullivan JL, Luzuriaga K, Greenough TC, Choe H, Farzan M. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature. 2003 Nov 27;426(6965):450-4. PMID:14647384 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02145
- ↑ Shang J, Ye G, Shi K, Wan Y, Luo C, Aihara H, Geng Q, Auerbach A, Li F. Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2. Nature. 2020 Mar 30. pii: 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y. doi:, 10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y. PMID:32225175 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2179-y
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