Spectrin
From Proteopedia
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
[[Spectrin]] forms scaffolding in plasma membranes and cytoskeletal structure. It interacts with actin at either end of its tetramer<ref>PMID:17060500</ref>. The SPT dimer is formed by association of α1 and β1 monomers. In invertebrates there are SPT α, β and βH. In vertebrates there are SPT α1 (SPTA1), α2 (SPTA2) and β1 (SPTB1) to β5. SPT contains an SRC Homology 3 domain (SH3), a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain and a Calponin Homology (CH) domain. | [[Spectrin]] forms scaffolding in plasma membranes and cytoskeletal structure. It interacts with actin at either end of its tetramer<ref>PMID:17060500</ref>. The SPT dimer is formed by association of α1 and β1 monomers. In invertebrates there are SPT α, β and βH. In vertebrates there are SPT α1 (SPTA1), α2 (SPTA2) and β1 (SPTB1) to β5. SPT contains an SRC Homology 3 domain (SH3), a Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domain and a Calponin Homology (CH) domain. | ||
| + | *'''Spectrin α2''' is expressed highly in heart muscle cells<ref>PMID:15360127</ref>. | ||
| + | *'''Spectrin β2''' is associated with GABA receptor at dendritic synapses<ref>PMID:36604600</ref>. | ||
| + | *'''Spectrin β4''' is associated with GABA receptor at axon initial segment synapses. | ||
| + | *'''Spectrin R16''' is spectrin α first repeat domain<ref>PMID:10481916</ref>. | ||
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
Mutations in SPT α are found in patients with hereditary elliptocytosis<ref>PMID:2346784</ref>. SPT β deficiency is found in hereditary spherocytosis<ref>PMID:9714702</ref>. | Mutations in SPT α are found in patients with hereditary elliptocytosis<ref>PMID:2346784</ref>. SPT β deficiency is found in hereditary spherocytosis<ref>PMID:9714702</ref>. | ||
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| + | == 3D Structures of Spectrin == | ||
| + | [[Spectrin 3D structures]] | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
| - | == 3D Structures of Spectrin == | ||
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| - | Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | ||
| - | {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | ||
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| - | * Spectrin α1; Domains – N-terminal tetramerization 1-156; SH3 969-1025; C-terminal tetramerization 1902-2084 | ||
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| - | **[[3lbx]] – hSPT a chain N-terminal tetramerization domain +hSPT b chain C-terminal tetramerization domain – human<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2rot]], [[2oaw]], [[2nuz]], [[1u06]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain – chicken<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2jm8]], [[2jm9]], [[2cdt]], [[2f2v]], [[2f2w]], [[2f2x]], [[3i9q]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain (mutant)<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2rmo]], [[1neg]], [[1m8m]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2jma]], [[2jmc]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain (mutant)+P41 peptide<br /> | ||
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| - | * Spectrin α2 | ||
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| - | **[[3f31]] – hSPT a2 chain N-terminal tetramerization domain<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5fwc]], [[5fwb]] - hSPT a2 chain SH3 domain (mutant)<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3fb2]] – hSPT a2 chain repeats 15-16 1337-1544<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5fw9]], [[5fwb]], [[5fwc]], [[5ihi]], [[5ihk]], [[5ihn]] – hSPT a2 chain SH3 domain (mutant)<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2fot]] - SPT a2 chain calmodulin-binding domain 1172-1211 +calmodulin – bovine<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3thk]] - SPT a2 chain SH3 domain + polypeptide - rat | ||
| - | **[[1qkw]] – cSPT a2 chain SH3 domain (mutant)<br /> | ||
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| - | * Spectrin α | ||
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| - | **[[1owa]] - hSPT a chain N-terminal tetramerization domain – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5j4o]] - hSPT a chain repeats 16-17 1599-1826<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2kr3]], [[4f17]], [[4f16]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1e6g]], [[1e6h]], [[1hd3]], [[1qkx]], [[1pwt]], [[1bk2]], [[1shg]], [[1h8k]], [[3ngp]], [[3m0p]], [[3m0q]], [[3m0r]], [[3m0s]], [[3m0t]], [[3m0u]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain (mutant)<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1uue]], [[1e7o]], [[1g2b]], [[1aey]], [[1tuc]], [[1tud]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain (mutant) – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2lj3]], [[6scw]] - cSPT a chain SH3 domain – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1u4q]] – cSPT a chain repeats 15-17 1662-1982<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1u5p]] - cSPT a chain repeats 15-16 1662-1876<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1cun]] - cSPT a chain repeats 16-17 (mutant) 1771-1982<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1aj3]] - cSPT a chain repeat 16 1772-1869 - NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[6ro9]] – SPT SH3 domain – sunfish<br /> | ||
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| - | * Spectrin β1 | ||
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| - | **[[3kbt]], [[3kbu]] - hSPT β1 chain repeats 13-15 1583-1906 +ankyrin<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3f57]], [[3edu]] - hSPT β1 chain repeats 14-15 1686-1906<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1s35]] – hSPT β1 chain repeats 8-9 1063-1275 (mutant) | ||
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| - | * Spectrin β2 | ||
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| - | **[[3edv]] – hSPT β2 chain repeats 14-16 1697-2015 | ||
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| - | * Spectrin β3 | ||
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| - | **[[1wyq]] – hSPT β3 chain 2nd CH domain – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1wjm]] – hSPT β3 chain PH domain 2199-2328 – NMR<br /> | ||
| - | **[[6anu]] - hSPT β3 chain actin binding domain 1-284 + actin - Cryo EM<br /> | ||
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| - | * Spectrin β4 | ||
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| - | **[[6m3r]] – mSPT b chain 1616-1937 + Ankyrin-3<br /> | ||
| - | **[[6m3q]] – mSPT b chain + Ankyrin-2<br /> | ||
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| - | * Spectrin β | ||
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| - | **[[1bkr]], [[1aa2]] – hSPT β chain 2nd CH domain 178-291<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1dro]], [[1mph]] - mSPT β chain PH domain 2199-2304 – NMR – mouse<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1btn]] – mSPT β chain PH domain + inositol phosphate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[6m3p]] – mSPT β 2 chain 1591-1910 + Ankyrin-3<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2spc]] – SPT fragment 1391-1497 - ''Drosophila melanogaster'' | ||
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| - | * Spectrin R16 | ||
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| - | **[[5m6s]] – SPT - ''Escherichia coli''<br /> | ||
| - | }} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | [[Category:Topic Page]] | ||
Current revision
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References
- ↑ Das A, Base C, Dhulipala S, Dubreuil RR. Spectrin functions upstream of ankyrin in a spectrin cytoskeleton assembly pathway. J Cell Biol. 2006 Oct 23;175(2):325-35. PMID:17060500 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200602095
- ↑ Bennett PM, Baines AJ, Lecomte MC, Maggs AM, Pinder JC. Not just a plasma membrane protein: in cardiac muscle cells alpha-II spectrin also shows a close association with myofibrils. J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 2004;25(2):119-26. PMID:15360127 doi:10.1023/b:jure.0000035892.77399.51
- ↑ Smalley JL, Cho N, Ng SFJ, Choi C, Lemons AHS, Chaudry S, Bope CE, Dengler JS, Zhang C, Rasband MN, Davies PA, Moss SJ. Spectrin-beta 2 facilitates the selective accumulation of GABA(A) receptors at somatodendritic synapses. Commun Biol. 2023 Jan 5;6(1):11. PMID:36604600 doi:10.1038/s42003-022-04381-x
- ↑ Grum VL, Li D, MacDonald RI, Mondragon A. Structures of two repeats of spectrin suggest models of flexibility. Cell. 1999 Aug 20;98(4):523-35. PMID:10481916
- ↑ Coetzer T, Palek J, Lawler J, Liu SC, Jarolim P, Lahav M, Prchal JT, Wang W, Alter BP, Schewitz G, et al.. Structural and functional heterogeneity of alpha spectrin mutations involving the spectrin heterodimer self-association site: relationships to hematologic expression of homozygous hereditary elliptocytosis and hereditary pyropoikilocytosis. Blood. 1990 Jun 1;75(11):2235-44. PMID:2346784
- ↑ Dhermy D, Galand C, Bournier O, Cynober T, Mechinaud F, Tchemia G, Garbarz M. Hereditary spherocytosis with spectrin deficiency related to null mutations of the beta-spectrin gene. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 1998 Jun;24(2):251-61. PMID:9714702 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bcmd.1998.0190
