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| | <StructureSection load='6lrz' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6lrz]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.54Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='6lrz' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6lrz]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.54Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6lrz]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6LRZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6LRZ FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6lrz]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6LRZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6LRZ FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EOU:dimethyl+(~{E})-but-2-enedioate'>EOU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PG5:1-METHOXY-2-[2-(2-METHOXY-ETHOXY]-ETHANE'>PG5</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.54Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6lrz FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6lrz OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6lrz PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6lrz RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6lrz PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6lrz ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EOU:dimethyl+(~{E})-but-2-enedioate'>EOU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PG5:1-METHOXY-2-[2-(2-METHOXY-ETHOXY]-ETHANE'>PG5</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6lrz FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6lrz OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6lrz PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6lrz RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6lrz PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6lrz ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KEAP1_HUMAN KEAP1_HUMAN] |
| | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Human]] | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Deshmukh, P]] | + | [[Category: Mus musculus]] |
| - | [[Category: Padmanabhan, B]] | + | [[Category: Deshmukh P]] |
| - | [[Category: Unni, S]] | + | [[Category: Padmanabhan B]] |
| - | [[Category: Beta-propeller domain]] | + | [[Category: Unni S]] |
| - | [[Category: Cytosolic protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Dmf]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Inhibitor complex]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Keap1-nrf2 system]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidative stress]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
KEAP1_HUMAN
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The activation of the Nrf2 transcription function has been implicated in the protection of neurodegenerative diseases. The cytoplasmic protein, Keap1, negatively regulates Nrf2. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for tackling free-radical damage. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is currently an approved drug for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Recent studies showed that DMF modifies the reactive cysteines in the BTB domain of Keap1 and thus activates Nrf2 transcription function. Intriguingly, our crystal structure studies revealed that DMF also binds to the beta-propeller domain (Keap1-DC) of Keap1. The crystal structure of the complex, refined to 1.54 A resolution, revealed unexpected features: DMF binds (i) to the Nrf2 binding site (bottom region of Keap1-DC, site 1) with moderate interaction, and (ii) to the top region of Keap1-DC, near to the blade II (site 2). The specificity of the binding 'site 2' was found to be unique to blade II of the beta-propeller domain. The newly identified 'site 2' region in Keap1-DC may have a different functional role to regulate Nrf2. Moreover, the crystal structures of Keap1-DC in complex with the DMF analogs, including MEF, fumarate, and itaconic acid, also exhibited similar binding modes with Keap1-DC. Binding studies confirmed that DMF binds, in a nano-molar range, to the Keap1-DC region as well as the BTB domain of Keap1. Furthermore, the competitive binding assay in the presence of the Nrf2 peptide affirmed the direct binding of DMF at the Nrf2 binding region of Keap1-DC. Overall, our studies suggest that the drug molecule, DMF binds at multiple sites of Keap1 and thus potentially activates Nrf2 function through covalent as well as the non-covalent mode of action, to combat oxidative stress.
Structural insights into the multiple binding modes of Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) and its analogs to the Kelch domain of Keap1.,Unni S, Deshmukh P, Krishnappa G, Kommu P, Balasundaram P FEBS J. 2020 Jul 16. doi: 10.1111/febs.15485. PMID:32672401[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Unni S, Deshmukh P, Krishnappa G, Kommu P, Balasundaram P. Structural insights into the multiple binding modes of Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) and its analogs to the Kelch domain of Keap1. FEBS J. 2020 Jul 16. doi: 10.1111/febs.15485. PMID:32672401 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/febs.15485
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