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2a5f

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Current revision (09:11, 14 February 2024) (edit) (undo)
 
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<StructureSection load='2a5f' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2a5f]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.02&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2a5f' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2a5f]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.02&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2a5f]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"bacillo_virgola_del_koch"_trevisan_1884 "bacillo virgola del koch" trevisan 1884] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2A5F OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2A5F FirstGlance]. <br>
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2a5f]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibrio_cholerae Vibrio cholerae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2A5F OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2A5F FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GTP:GUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAD:NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAD</scene></td></tr>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.02&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">ARF6 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN]), ctxA, toxA ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=666 "Bacillo virgola del Koch" Trevisan 1884])</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GTP:GUANOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>GTP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAD:NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE'>NAD</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAD(+)--diphthamide_ADP-ribosyltransferase NAD(+)--diphthamide ADP-ribosyltransferase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.4.2.36 2.4.2.36] </span></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2a5f FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2a5f OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2a5f PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2a5f RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2a5f PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2a5f ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2a5f FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2a5f OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2a5f PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2a5f RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2a5f PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2a5f ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
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[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ARF6_HUMAN ARF6_HUMAN]] GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; regulates endocytic recycling and cytoskeleton remodeling. May modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus. Functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in the regulation of dendritic spine development (By similarity). Contributes to the regulation of dendritic branching and filopodia extension.<ref>PMID:7589240</ref> <ref>PMID:14978216</ref> <ref>PMID:11266366</ref> [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHTA_VIBCH CHTA_VIBCH]] The A1 chain catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of Gs alpha, a GTP-binding regulatory protein, to activate the adenylate cyclase. This leads to an overproduction of cAMP and eventually to a hypersecretion of chloride and bicarbonate followed by water, resulting in the characteristic cholera stool. The A2 chain tethers A1 to the pentameric ring.
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ARF6_HUMAN ARF6_HUMAN] GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; regulates endocytic recycling and cytoskeleton remodeling. May modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus. Functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in the regulation of dendritic spine development (By similarity). Contributes to the regulation of dendritic branching and filopodia extension.<ref>PMID:7589240</ref> <ref>PMID:14978216</ref> <ref>PMID:11266366</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2a5f ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2a5f ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
 
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The Vibrio cholerae bacterium causes devastating diarrhea when it infects the human intestine. The key event is adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation of the human signaling protein GSalpha, catalyzed by the cholera toxin A1 subunit (CTA1). This reaction is allosterically activated by human ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), a family of essential and ubiquitous G proteins. Crystal structures of a CTA1:ARF6-GTP (guanosine triphosphate) complex reveal that binding of the human activator elicits dramatic changes in CTA1 loop regions that allow nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to bind to the active site. The extensive toxin:ARF-GTP interface surface mimics ARF-GTP recognition of normal cellular protein partners, which suggests that the toxin has evolved to exploit promiscuous binding properties of ARFs.
 
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Structural basis for the activation of cholera toxin by human ARF6-GTP.,O'Neal CJ, Jobling MG, Holmes RK, Hol WG Science. 2005 Aug 12;309(5737):1093-6. PMID:16099990<ref>PMID:16099990</ref>
 
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
 
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</div>
 
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2a5f" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
 
==See Also==
==See Also==
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
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[[Category: Bacillo virgola del koch trevisan 1884]]
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[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Human]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Hol, W G.J]]
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[[Category: Vibrio cholerae]]
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[[Category: Holmes, R K]]
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[[Category: Hol WGJ]]
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[[Category: Jobling, M G]]
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[[Category: Holmes RK]]
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[[Category: Neal, C J.O]]
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[[Category: Jobling MG]]
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[[Category: Protein transport-transferase complex]]
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[[Category: O'Neal CJ]]
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[[Category: Protein transport/transferase]]
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Current revision

Cholera toxin A1 subunit bound to its substrate, NAD+, and its human protein activator, ARF6

PDB ID 2a5f

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