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| | <StructureSection load='1w1j' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1w1j]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.70Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='1w1j' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1w1j]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.70Å' scene=''> |
| | == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| - | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1w1j]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atcc_10495 Atcc 10495]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1W1J OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1W1J FirstGlance]. <br> | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1w1j]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium_simplicissimum Penicillium simplicissimum]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1W1J OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1W1J FirstGlance]. <br> |
| - | </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EUG:2-METHOXY-4-[(1E)-PROP-1-EN-1-YL]PHENOL'>EUG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene></td></tr> | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.7Å</td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1ahu|1ahu]], [[1ahv|1ahv]], [[1ahz|1ahz]], [[1dzn|1dzn]], [[1e0y|1e0y]], [[1e8f|1e8f]], [[1e8g|1e8g]], [[1e8h|1e8h]], [[1qlt|1qlt]], [[1qlu|1qlu]], [[1vao|1vao]], [[2vao|2vao]], [[1w1k|1w1k]], [[1w1l|1w1l]], [[1w1m|1w1m]]</div></td></tr> | + | <tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EUG:2-METHOXY-4-[(1E)-PROP-1-EN-1-YL]PHENOL'>EUG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FAD:FLAVIN-ADENINE+DINUCLEOTIDE'>FAD</scene></td></tr> |
| - | <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_oxidase Alcohol oxidase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=1.1.3.13 1.1.3.13] </span></td></tr>
| + | |
| | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1w1j FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1w1j OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1w1j PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1w1j RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1w1j PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1w1j ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1w1j FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1w1j OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1w1j PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1w1j RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1w1j PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1w1j ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | </table> | | </table> |
| | == Function == | | == Function == |
| - | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VAOX_PENSI VAOX_PENSI]] Catalyzes the conversion of vanillin alcohol to vanillin, and also the conversion of a wide range of phenolic compounds bearing side chains of variable size at the para position of the aromatic ring. Crucial for the degradation of the secondary metabolites derived from the degradation of the lignin. Catalyzes besides the oxidation of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, the oxidative deamination of 4-hydroxybenzylamines, the oxidative demethylation of 4-(methoxy-methyl)phenols and the oxidative hydration of 4-allylphenols. Most active with 4-allylphenols.
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VAOX_PENSI VAOX_PENSI] Catalyzes the conversion of vanillin alcohol to vanillin, and also the conversion of a wide range of phenolic compounds bearing side chains of variable size at the para position of the aromatic ring. Crucial for the degradation of the secondary metabolites derived from the degradation of the lignin. Catalyzes besides the oxidation of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, the oxidative deamination of 4-hydroxybenzylamines, the oxidative demethylation of 4-(methoxy-methyl)phenols and the oxidative hydration of 4-allylphenols. Most active with 4-allylphenols. |
| | == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| | __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| | </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| - | [[Category: Alcohol oxidase]] | |
| - | [[Category: Atcc 10495]] | |
| | [[Category: Large Structures]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| - | [[Category: Heuvel, R H.Van Den]] | + | [[Category: Penicillium simplicissimum]] |
| - | [[Category: Catalysis]] | + | [[Category: Van Den Heuvel RH]] |
| - | [[Category: Fad]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Flavoenzyme]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Oxidoreductase]]
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Function
VAOX_PENSI Catalyzes the conversion of vanillin alcohol to vanillin, and also the conversion of a wide range of phenolic compounds bearing side chains of variable size at the para position of the aromatic ring. Crucial for the degradation of the secondary metabolites derived from the degradation of the lignin. Catalyzes besides the oxidation of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, the oxidative deamination of 4-hydroxybenzylamines, the oxidative demethylation of 4-(methoxy-methyl)phenols and the oxidative hydration of 4-allylphenols. Most active with 4-allylphenols.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The flavoenzyme vanillyl-alcohol oxidase was subjected to random mutagenesis to generate mutants with enhanced reactivity to creosol (2-methoxy-4-methylphenol). The vanillyl-alcohol oxidase-mediated conversion of creosol proceeds via a two-step process in which the initially formed vanillyl alcohol (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol) is oxidized to the widely used flavor compound vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde). The first step of this reaction is extremely slow due to the formation of a covalent FAD N-5-creosol adduct. After a single round of error-prone PCR, seven mutants were generated with increased reactivity to creosol. The single-point mutants I238T, F454Y, E502G, and T505S showed an up to 40-fold increase in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) with creosol compared with the wild-type enzyme. This enhanced reactivity was due to a lower stability of the covalent flavin-substrate adduct, thereby promoting vanillin formation. The catalytic efficiencies of the mutants were also enhanced for other ortho-substituted 4-methylphenols, but not for p-cresol (4-methylphenol). The replaced amino acid residues are not located within a distance of direct interaction with the substrate, and the determined three-dimensional structures of the mutant enzymes are highly similar to that of the wild-type enzyme. These results clearly show the importance of remote residues, not readily predicted by rational design, for the substrate specificity of enzymes.
Laboratory-evolved vanillyl-alcohol oxidase produces natural vanillin.,van den Heuvel RH, van den Berg WA, Rovida S, van Berkel WJ J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 6;279(32):33492-500. Epub 2004 May 28. PMID:15169773[1]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ van den Heuvel RH, van den Berg WA, Rovida S, van Berkel WJ. Laboratory-evolved vanillyl-alcohol oxidase produces natural vanillin. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 6;279(32):33492-500. Epub 2004 May 28. PMID:15169773 doi:10.1074/jbc.M312968200
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