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Publication Abstract from PubMed

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT) are two pleotropic cytokines, which are coexpressed in various cell types to activate the cell surface receptor CD74. Via the MIF/CD74 and D-DT/CD74 axes, the two proteins exhibit either beneficial or deleterious effect on human diseases. In this study, we report the identification of 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (a.k.a. 1) that effectively blocks the D-DT-induced activation of CD74 and demonstrates an impressive 79-fold selectivity for D-DT over MIF. Crystallographic characterization of D-DT-1 elucidates the binding features of 1 and reveals previously unrecognized differences between the MIF and D-DT active sites that explain the ligand's functional selectivity. The commercial availability, low cost, and high selectivity make 1 the ideal tool for studying the pathophysiological functionality of D-DT in disease models. At the same time, our comprehensive biochemical, computational, and crystallographic analyses serve as a guide for generating highly potent and selective D-DT inhibitors.

2,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid is a bioactive and highly selective inhibitor of D-dopachrome tautomerase.,Parkins A, Das P, Prahaladan V, Rangel VM, Xue L, Sankaran B, Bhandari V, Pantouris G Structure. 2023 Mar 2;31(3):355-367.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2023.01.008. Epub 2023 , Feb 17. PMID:36805127^[1]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.