Nitroreductase
From Proteopedia
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
'''Nitroreductase''' or '''oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>. NR uses FMN as cofactor. Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase. | '''Nitroreductase''' or '''oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H nitroreductase''' (NR) is involved in the reduction of nitrogen-containing compounds including those containing NO<sub>2</sub> group. The NO<sub>2</sub> group is reduced to hydroxylamine<ref>PMID:11491290</ref>. NR uses FMN as cofactor. Among NRs are the oxygen-insensitive NAD(P)H NR and NADH dehydrogenase. | ||
| + | *'''Copper-induced nitroreductase''' protects ''Lactococcus lactis'' against oxidative stress exerted by nitroaromatic compounds and copper<ref>PMID:20562311</ref>. | ||
| + | *'''Nitrobenzoate nitroreductase''' metabolises 2-nitrobenzoate to form the antioxidant 3-hydroxyanthranilate in ''Pseudomonas fluorescens''<ref>PMID:17277060</ref>. | ||
| + | *'''Deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase''' catalyses the reduction of nitroimidazoles into reactive nitrogen species in ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' <ref>PMID:22244759</ref>. | ||
== Relevance == | == Relevance == | ||
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[[Nitroreductase 3D structures]] | [[Nitroreductase 3D structures]] | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
| - | ==3D structures of nitroreductase== | ||
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| - | Updated on {{REVISIONDAY2}}-{{MONTHNAME|{{REVISIONMONTH}}}}-{{REVISIONYEAR}} | ||
| - | {{#tree:id=OrganizedByTopic|openlevels=0| | ||
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| - | *Nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[3bm1]], [[1ds7]] – EcNR minimal + FMN – ''Escherichia coli''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3bm2]] – EcNR minimal -FMN<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1nec]], [[1kqd]] – EclNR + FMN – ''Enterobacter cloacae''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1kqb]], [[5j8g]]– EclNR + FMN + benzoate derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1kqc]] – EclNR + FMN + acetate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1ywq]], [[2i7h]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus cereus''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5hdj]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus megaterium''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2b67]] – NR + FMN – ''Streptococcus pneumonia''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3ek3]], [[3hoi]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacterioides fragilis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3g14]] – NR – ''Clostridium novyi''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3h4o]], [[3koq]] - NR + FMN – ''Clostridium difficile''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3gr3]] – NR + FMN – ''Bartonella henselae''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3hzn]] – NR – ''Salmonella typhimurium''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3k6h]] – NR + FMN – ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2wzv]], [[2ymv]] – MsNR + FMN – ''Mycobacterium smegmatis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[2wzw]] - MsNR + FMN + NADPH<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3of4]] – NR + FMN + FAD – ''Idiomarina loihiensis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3n2s]] – NR + FMN – ''Bacillus subtilis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3pxv]] – NR + FMN – ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3r5l]], [[3r5p]] - MtNR – ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3ge6]] – NR + FMN – ''Exiguobacterium sibiricum''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[4dn2]] – NR + FMN – ''Geobacter metallireducens''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[5ko7]], [[5ko8]], [[5krd]] – NR + FMN – ''Haliscomenobacter hydrossis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7dp0]] – SpNR + FMN – ''Sphingopyxis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7dp1]], [[7dp2]] – SpNR (mutant) + FMN <br /> | ||
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| - | *Copper-induced nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[2wqf]] – LlNR + FMN – ''Lactococcus lactis''<br /> | ||
| - | **[[4bn6]] – LlNR + FMN + chloramphenicol<br /> | ||
| - | **[[4bn7]], [[4bn8]] – LlNR + FMN + phenol derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[4bn9]] – LlNR + FMN + nicotinic acid<br /> | ||
| - | **[[4bnb]] – LlNR + FMN + nitroquinoline<br /> | ||
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| - | *Nitrobenzoate nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[4z85]] – NR – ''Psudomonas fluorescens''<br /> | ||
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| - | *Oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[1f5v]], [[1oo5]], [[7q0o]] – EcNR + FMN <br /> | ||
| - | **[[3x21]], [[3x22]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7z0w]] – EcNR + FMN + adenosine derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7xww]] – EcNR + FMN + pyridine derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[8c5e]], [[8ccv]], [[8cj0]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN + nicotinic acid<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1ylr]], [[1ylu]] - EcNR + FMN + acetate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[8c5f]], [[8c5p]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN + acetate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[8og3]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN + citrate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7niy]] – EcNR (mutant) + FMN + imidazole<br /> | ||
| - | **[[8ajx]] – EcNR + FMN + fumarate<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7x32]] – EcNR + FMN + berberine<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7nb9]] – EcNR + FMN + nitrofurantoin<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7nmp]], [[7nnx]] – EcNR + FMN + quinone derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1icr]], [[1icu]], [[1icv]], [[5j8d]] – EcNR + FMN + NAD derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1ooq]] – EcNR + FMN + dicoumarol<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1oo6]], [[1oon]], [[1idt]] – EcNR + FMN + benzamide derivative<br /> | ||
| - | **[[1yki]] – EcNR + FMN + antibiotic<br /> | ||
| - | **[[6czp]] – VvNR + FMN – Vibrio vulnificus<br /> | ||
| - | **[[7uwt]] – VvNR (mutant) + FMN<br /> | ||
| - | **[[3qdl]] – NR + FMN – Helicobacter pylori<br /> | ||
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| - | *Deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[3r5r]], [[3r5w]], [[7kl8]] – MtNR + coenzyme F420<br /> | ||
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| - | *NADPH nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[7tmf]], [[7tmg]] – NR + FMN – Klebsiella pneumoniae<br /> | ||
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| - | *NADPH-flavin nitroreductase | ||
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| - | **[[5uu6]] – NR + FMN – Vibrio parahaemolyticus<br /> | ||
| - | }} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[Category:Topic Page]] | [[Category:Topic Page]] | ||
Current revision
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References
- ↑ Lovering AL, Hyde EI, Searle PF, White SA. The structure of Escherichia coli nitroreductase complexed with nicotinic acid: three crystal forms at 1.7 A, 1.8 A and 2.4 A resolution. J Mol Biol. 2001 May 25;309(1):203-13. PMID:11491290 doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4653
- ↑ Mermod M, Mourlane F, Waltersperger S, Oberholzer AE, Baumann U, Solioz M. Structure and function of CinD (YtjD) of Lactococcus lactis, a copper-induced nitroreductase involved in defense against oxidative stress. J Bacteriol. 2010 Aug;192(16):4172-80. Epub 2010 Jun 18. PMID:20562311 doi:10.1128/JB.00372-10
- ↑ Iwaki H, Muraki T, Ishihara S, Hasegawa Y, Rankin KN, Sulea T, Boyd J, Lau PC. Characterization of a pseudomonad 2-nitrobenzoate nitroreductase and its catabolic pathway-associated 2-hydroxylaminobenzoate mutase and a chemoreceptor involved in 2-nitrobenzoate chemotaxis. J Bacteriol. 2007 May;189(9):3502-14. PMID:17277060 doi:10.1128/JB.01098-06
- ↑ Cellitti SE, Shaffer J, Jones DH, Mukherjee T, Gurumurthy M, Bursulaya B, Boshoff HI, Choi I, Nayyar A, Lee YS, Cherian J, Niyomrattanakit P, Dick T, Manjunatha UH, Barry CE 3rd, Spraggon G, Geierstanger BH. Structure of Ddn, the deazaflavin-dependent nitroreductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis involved in bioreductive activation of PA-824. Structure. 2012 Jan 11;20(1):101-12. PMID:22244759 doi:10.1016/j.str.2011.11.001
- ↑ Williams EM, Little RF, Mowday AM, Rich MH, Chan-Hyams JV, Copp JN, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Ackerley DF. Nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy: insights and advances toward clinical utility. Biochem J. 2015 Oct 15;471(2):131-53. doi: 10.1042/BJ20150650. PMID:26431849 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20150650
