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Structural highlights

Disease

CY24A_HUMAN Defects in CYBA are a cause of chronic granulomatous disease autosomal recessive cytochrome-b-negative (ARCGD) [MIM:233690. Chronic granulomatous disease is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the inability of neutrophils and phagocytes to kill microbes that they have ingested. Patients suffer from life-threatening bacterial/fungal infections.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]}

Function

CY24A_HUMAN Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. Associates with NOX3 to form a functional NADPH oxidase constitutively generating superoxide.^[10]

References

1. ↑ Dinauer MC, Pierce EA, Bruns GA, Curnutte JT, Orkin SH. Human neutrophil cytochrome b light chain (p22-phox). Gene structure, chromosomal location, and mutations in cytochrome-negative autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease. J Clin Invest. 1990 Nov;86(5):1729-37. PMID:2243141 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI114898
2. ↑ de Boer M, de Klein A, Hossle JP, Seger R, Corbeel L, Weening RS, Roos D. Cytochrome b558-negative, autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease: two new mutations in the cytochrome b558 light chain of the NADPH oxidase (p22-phox). Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Nov;51(5):1127-35. PMID:1415254
3. ↑ Dinauer MC, Pierce EA, Erickson RW, Muhlebach TJ, Messner H, Orkin SH, Seger RA, Curnutte JT. Point mutation in the cytoplasmic domain of the neutrophil p22-phox cytochrome b subunit is associated with a nonfunctional NADPH oxidase and chronic granulomatous disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 15;88(24):11231-5. PMID:1763037
4. ↑ Hossle JP, de Boer M, Seger RA, Roos D. Identification of allele-specific p22-phox mutations in a compound heterozygous patient with chronic granulomatous disease by mismatch PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Hum Genet. 1994 Apr;93(4):437-42. PMID:8168815
5. ↑ Leusen JH, Bolscher BG, Hilarius PM, Weening RS, Kaulfersch W, Seger RA, Roos D, Verhoeven AJ. 156Pro-->Gln substitution in the light chain of cytochrome b558 of the human NADPH oxidase (p22-phox) leads to defective translocation of the cytosolic proteins p47-phox and p67-phox. J Exp Med. 1994 Dec 1;180(6):2329-34. PMID:7964505
6. ↑ Rae J, Noack D, Heyworth PG, Ellis BA, Curnutte JT, Cross AR. Molecular analysis of 9 new families with chronic granulomatous disease caused by mutations in CYBA, the gene encoding p22(phox). Blood. 2000 Aug 1;96(3):1106-12. PMID:10910929
7. ↑ Yamada M, Ariga T, Kawamura N, Ohtsu M, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Ohshika E, Tatsuzawa O, Kobayashi K, Sakiyama Y. Genetic studies of three Japanese patients with p22-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease: detection of a possible common mutant CYBA allele in Japan and a genotype-phenotype correlation in these patients. Br J Haematol. 2000 Mar;108(3):511-7. PMID:10759707
8. ↑ Ishibashi F, Nunoi H, Endo F, Matsuda I, Kanegasaki S. Statistical and mutational analysis of chronic granulomatous disease in Japan with special reference to gp91-phox and p22-phox deficiency. Hum Genet. 2000 May;106(5):473-81. PMID:10914676
9. ↑ Teimourian S, Zomorodian E, Badalzadeh M, Pouya A, Kannengiesser C, Mansouri D, Cheraghi T, Parvaneh N. Characterization of six novel mutations in CYBA: the gene causing autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease. Br J Haematol. 2008 Jun;141(6):848-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07148.x., Epub 2008 Apr 18. PMID:18422995 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07148.x
10. ↑ Ueno N, Takeya R, Miyano K, Kikuchi H, Sumimoto H. The NADPH oxidase Nox3 constitutively produces superoxide in a p22phox-dependent manner: its regulation by oxidase organizers and activators. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 17;280(24):23328-39. Epub 2005 Apr 11. PMID:15824103 doi:10.1074/jbc.M414548200