1r46

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[[Image:1r46.gif|left|200px]]
 
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==Structure of human alpha-galactosidase==
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The line below this paragraph, containing "STRUCTURE_1r46", creates the "Structure Box" on the page.
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<StructureSection load='1r46' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1r46]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.25&Aring;' scene=''>
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You may change the PDB parameter (which sets the PDB file loaded into the applet)
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== Structural highlights ==
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or the SCENE parameter (which sets the initial scene displayed when the page is loaded),
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1r46]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1R46 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1R46 FirstGlance]. <br>
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or leave the SCENE parameter empty for the default display.
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.25&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FUC:ALPHA-L-FUCOSE'>FUC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
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{{STRUCTURE_1r46| PDB=1r46 | SCENE= }}
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1r46 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1r46 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1r46 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1r46 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1r46 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1r46 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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'''Structure of human alpha-galactosidase'''
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== Disease ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AGAL_HUMAN AGAL_HUMAN] Defects in GLA are the cause of Fabry disease (FD) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/301500 301500]. FD is a rare X-linked sphingolipidosis disease where glycolipid accumulates in many tissues. The disease consists of an inborn error of glycosphingolipid catabolism. FD patients show systemic accumulation of globotriaoslyceramide (Gb3) and related glycosphingolipids in the plasma and cellular lysosomes throughout the body. Clinical recognition in males results from characteristic skin lesions (angiokeratomas) over the lower trunk. Patients may show ocular deposits, febrile episodes, and burning pain in the extremities. Death results from renal failure, cardiac or cerebral complications of hypertension or other vascular disease. Heterozygous females may exhibit the disorder in an attenuated form, they are more likely to show corneal opacities.<ref>PMID:2152885</ref> <ref>PMID:1846223</ref> <ref>PMID:2171331</ref> <ref>PMID:2539398</ref> <ref>PMID:1315715</ref> <ref>PMID:7504405</ref> <ref>PMID:8395937</ref> <ref>PMID:8069316</ref> <ref>PMID:7531540</ref> <ref>PMID:7575533</ref> <ref>PMID:7759078</ref> <ref>PMID:7599642</ref> <ref>PMID:7596372</ref> <ref>PMID:8738659</ref> <ref>PMID:8875188</ref> <ref>PMID:8834244</ref> <ref>PMID:8931708</ref> <ref>PMID:8807334</ref> <ref>PMID:8863162</ref> <ref>PMID:9105656</ref> <ref>PMID:9100224</ref> <ref>PMID:9554750</ref> <ref>PMID:9452068</ref> <ref>PMID:9452090</ref> <ref>PMID:9452111</ref> <ref>PMID:10208848</ref> <ref>PMID:10090526</ref> <ref>PMID:10838196</ref> <ref>PMID:10666480</ref> <ref>PMID:11076046</ref> <ref>PMID:10916280</ref> <ref>PMID:11295840</ref> <ref>PMID:11668641</ref> <ref>PMID:11889412</ref> <ref>PMID:12694230</ref> <ref>PMID:12786754</ref> <ref>PMID:15162124</ref> <ref>PMID:15712228</ref> <ref>PMID:16533976</ref> <ref>PMID:19621417</ref>
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== Function ==
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==Overview==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AGAL_HUMAN AGAL_HUMAN]
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/r4/1r46_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1r46 ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease afflicting 1 in 40,000 males with chronic pain, vascular degeneration, cardiac impairment, and other symptoms. Deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase (alpha-GAL) causes an accumulation of its substrate, which ultimately leads to Fabry disease symptoms. Here, we present the structure of the human alpha-GAL glycoprotein determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure is a homodimer with each monomer containing a (beta/alpha)8 domain with the active site and an antiparallel beta domain. N-linked carbohydrate appears at six sites in the glycoprotein dimer, revealing the basis for lysosomal transport via the mannose-6-phosphate receptor. To understand how the enzyme cleaves galactose from glycoproteins and glycolipids, we also determined the structure of the complex of alpha-GAL with its catalytic product. The catalytic mechanism of the enzyme is revealed by the location of two aspartic acid residues (D170 and D231), which act as a nucleophile and an acid/base, respectively. As a point mutation in alpha-GAL can lead to Fabry disease, we have catalogued and plotted the locations of 245 missense and nonsense mutations in the three-dimensional structure. The structure of human alpha-GAL brings Fabry disease into the realm of molecular diseases, where insights into the structural basis of the disease phenotypes might help guide the clinical treatment of patients.
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease afflicting 1 in 40,000 males with chronic pain, vascular degeneration, cardiac impairment, and other symptoms. Deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase (alpha-GAL) causes an accumulation of its substrate, which ultimately leads to Fabry disease symptoms. Here, we present the structure of the human alpha-GAL glycoprotein determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure is a homodimer with each monomer containing a (beta/alpha)8 domain with the active site and an antiparallel beta domain. N-linked carbohydrate appears at six sites in the glycoprotein dimer, revealing the basis for lysosomal transport via the mannose-6-phosphate receptor. To understand how the enzyme cleaves galactose from glycoproteins and glycolipids, we also determined the structure of the complex of alpha-GAL with its catalytic product. The catalytic mechanism of the enzyme is revealed by the location of two aspartic acid residues (D170 and D231), which act as a nucleophile and an acid/base, respectively. As a point mutation in alpha-GAL can lead to Fabry disease, we have catalogued and plotted the locations of 245 missense and nonsense mutations in the three-dimensional structure. The structure of human alpha-GAL brings Fabry disease into the realm of molecular diseases, where insights into the structural basis of the disease phenotypes might help guide the clinical treatment of patients.
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==Disease==
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The molecular defect leading to Fabry disease: structure of human alpha-galactosidase.,Garman SC, Garboczi DN J Mol Biol. 2004 Mar 19;337(2):319-35. PMID:15003450<ref>PMID:15003450</ref>
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Known disease associated with this structure: Fabry disease OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=300644 300644]], Fabry disease, cardiac variant OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=300644 300644]]
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==About this Structure==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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1R46 is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1R46 OCA].
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1r46" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==Reference==
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==See Also==
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The molecular defect leading to Fabry disease: structure of human alpha-galactosidase., Garman SC, Garboczi DN, J Mol Biol. 2004 Mar 19;337(2):319-35. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15003450 15003450]
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*[[Galactosidase 3D structures|Galactosidase 3D structures]]
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[[Category: Alpha-galactosidase]]
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== References ==
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<references/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Single protein]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Garboczi, D N.]]
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[[Category: Garboczi DN]]
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[[Category: Garman, S C.]]
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[[Category: Garman SC]]
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[[Category: Carbohydrate-binding protein]]
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[[Category: Glycoprotein]]
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[[Category: Glycosidase]]
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[[Category: Lysosomal enzyme]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sat May 3 07:03:05 2008''
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Current revision

Structure of human alpha-galactosidase

PDB ID 1r46

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