2ax4

Structural highlights

Disease

PAPS2_HUMAN Defects in PAPSS2 are the cause of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia Pakistani type (SEMD-PA) [MIM:612847. A bone disease characterized by epiphyseal dysplasia with mild metaphyseal abnormalities. Clinical features include short stature evidenced at birth, short and bowed lower limbs, mild brachydactyly, kyphoscoliosis, abnormal gait, enlarged knee joints. Some patients may manifest premature pubarche and hyperandrogenism associated with skeletal dysplasia and short stature.^{[1] [2]}

Function

PAPS2_HUMAN Bifunctional enzyme with both ATP sulfurylase and APS kinase activity, which mediates two steps in the sulfate activation pathway. The first step is the transfer of a sulfate group to ATP to yield adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS), and the second step is the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to APS yielding 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate (PAPS: activated sulfate donor used by sulfotransferase). In mammals, PAPS is the sole source of sulfate; APS appears to be only an intermediate in the sulfate-activation pathway. May have a important role in skeletogenesis during postnatal growth (By similarity).

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

References

1. ↑ Noordam C, Dhir V, McNelis JC, Schlereth F, Hanley NA, Krone N, Smeitink JA, Smeets R, Sweep FC, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Arlt W. Inactivating PAPSS2 mutations in a patient with premature pubarche. N Engl J Med. 2009 May 28;360(22):2310-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810489. PMID:19474428 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0810489
2. ↑ Ahmad M, Faiyaz Ul Haque M, Ahmad W, Abbas H, Haque S, Krakow D, Rimoin DL, Lachman RS, Cohn DH. Distinct, autosomal recessive form of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia segregating in an inbred Pakistani kindred. Am J Med Genet. 1998 Aug 6;78(5):468-73. PMID:9714015