| Structural highlights
Disease
EPHB2_HUMAN Defects in EPHB2 may be a cause of susceptibility to prostate cancer (PC) [MIM:176807. It is a malignancy originating in tissues of the prostate. Most prostate cancers are adenocarcinomas that develop in the acini of the prostatic ducts. Other rare histopathologic types of prostate cancer that occur in approximately 5% of patients include small cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, prostatic ductal carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma (basaloid), signet-ring cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma. Note=EPHB2 mutations have been found in a prostate cancer cell line derived from a brain metastasis.
Function
EPHB2_HUMAN Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Functions in axon guidance during development. Involved in the guidance of commissural axons, that form a major interhemispheric connection between the 2 temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. Also involved in guidance of contralateral inner ear efferent growth cones at the midline and of retinal ganglion cell axons to the optic disk. Beside axon guidance, also regulates dendritic spines development and maturation and stimulates the formation of excitatory synapses. Upon activation by EFNB1, abolishes the ARHGEF15-mediated negative regulation on excitatory synapse formation. Controls other aspects of development including angiogenesis, palate development and in inner ear development through regulation of endolymph production. Forward and reverse signaling through the EFNB2/EPHB2 complex regulate movement and adhesion of cells that tubularize the urethra and septate the cloaca. May function as a tumor suppressor.[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases has been implicated in tumorigenesis as well as pathological forms of angiogenesis. Understanding how to modulate the interaction of Eph receptors with their ephrin ligands is therefore of critical interest for the development of therapeutics to treat cancer. Previous work identified a set of 12-mer peptides that displayed moderate binding affinity but high selectivity for the EphB2 receptor. The SNEW antagonistic peptide inhibited the interaction of EphB2 with ephrinB2, with an IC50 of approximately 15 microm. To gain a better molecular understanding of how to inhibit Eph/ephrin binding, we determined the crystal structure of the EphB2 receptor in complex with the SNEW peptide to 2.3-A resolution. The peptide binds in the hydrophobic ligand-binding cleft of the EphB2 receptor, thus competing with the ephrin ligand for receptor binding. However, the binding interactions of the SNEW peptide are markedly different from those described for the TNYL-RAW peptide, which binds to the ligand-binding cleft of EphB4, indicating a novel mode of antagonism. Nevertheless, we identified a conserved structural motif present in all known receptor/ligand interfaces, which may serve as a scaffold for the development of therapeutic leads. The EphB2-SNEW complex crystallized as a homodimer, and the residues involved in the dimerization interface are similar to those implicated in mediating tetramerization of EphB2-ephrinB2 complexes. The structure of EphB2 in complex with the SNEW peptide reveals novel binding determinants that could serve as starting points in the development of compounds that modulate Eph receptor/ephrin interactions and biological activities.
Three-dimensional structure of the EphB2 receptor in complex with an antagonistic peptide reveals a novel mode of inhibition.,Chrencik JE, Brooun A, Recht MI, Nicola G, Davis LK, Abagyan R, Widmer H, Pasquale EB, Kuhn P J Biol Chem. 2007 Dec 14;282(50):36505-13. Epub 2007 Sep 26. PMID:17897949[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Huusko P, Ponciano-Jackson D, Wolf M, Kiefer JA, Azorsa DO, Tuzmen S, Weaver D, Robbins C, Moses T, Allinen M, Hautaniemi S, Chen Y, Elkahloun A, Basik M, Bova GS, Bubendorf L, Lugli A, Sauter G, Schleutker J, Ozcelik H, Elowe S, Pawson T, Trent JM, Carpten JD, Kallioniemi OP, Mousses S. Nonsense-mediated decay microarray analysis identifies mutations of EPHB2 in human prostate cancer. Nat Genet. 2004 Sep;36(9):979-83. Epub 2004 Aug 8. PMID:15300251 doi:10.1038/ng1408
- ↑ Chrencik JE, Brooun A, Recht MI, Nicola G, Davis LK, Abagyan R, Widmer H, Pasquale EB, Kuhn P. Three-dimensional structure of the EphB2 receptor in complex with an antagonistic peptide reveals a novel mode of inhibition. J Biol Chem. 2007 Dec 14;282(50):36505-13. Epub 2007 Sep 26. PMID:17897949 doi:10.1074/jbc.M706340200
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