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1crc

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(New page: 200px<br /><applet load="1crc" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" caption="1crc, resolution 2.08&Aring;" /> '''CYTOCHROME C AT LOW ...)
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[[Image:1crc.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1crc" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 
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caption="1crc, resolution 2.08&Aring;" />
 
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'''CYTOCHROME C AT LOW IONIC STRENGTH'''<br />
 
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==Overview==
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==CYTOCHROME C AT LOW IONIC STRENGTH==
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BACKGROUND: Cytochrome c is an integral part of the mitochondrial, respiratory chain. It is confined to the intermembrane space of, mitochondria, and has the function of transferring electrons between its, redox partners. Solution studies of cytochrome c indicate that the, conformation of the molecule is sensitive to the ionic strength of the, medium. RESULTS: The crystal structures of cytochromes c from several, species have been solved at extremely high ionic strengths of, near-saturated solutions of ammonium sulfate. Here we present the first, crystal structure of ferricytochrome c at low ionic strength refined at, 2.1 A resolution. In general, the structure has the same features as those, determined earlier. However, there are some differences in both backbone, and side-chain conformations in several areas. These areas coincide with, those observed by NMR and resonance Raman spectroscopy to be sensitive to, ionic strength. CONCLUSIONS: Neither ionic strength nor crystal-packing, interactions have much influence on the conformation of horse cytochrome, c. Nevertheless, some differences in the side-chain conformations at high, and low ionic strengths may be important for understanding how the protein, functions. Close examination of the gamma-turn (residues 27-29) conserved, in cytochromes c leads us to propose the 'negative classical' gamma-turn, to describe this unusual feature.
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<StructureSection load='1crc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1crc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.08&Aring;' scene=''>
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1crc]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equus_caballus Equus caballus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1CRC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1CRC FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.08&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACE:ACETYL+GROUP'>ACE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEC:HEME+C'>HEC</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1crc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1crc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1crc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1crc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1crc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1crc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CYC_HORSE CYC_HORSE] Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases (By similarity).
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/cr/1crc_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1crc ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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==About this Structure==
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==See Also==
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1CRC is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equus_caballus Equus caballus] with ACE and HEM as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1CRC OCA].
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*[[Cytochrome C 3D structures|Cytochrome C 3D structures]]
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__TOC__
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==Reference==
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</StructureSection>
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The low ionic strength crystal structure of horse cytochrome c at 2.1 A resolution and comparison with its high ionic strength counterpart., Sanishvili R, Volz KW, Westbrook EM, Margoliash E, Structure. 1995 Jul 15;3(7):707-16. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=8591047 8591047]
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[[Category: Equus caballus]]
[[Category: Equus caballus]]
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[[Category: Single protein]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Margoliash, E.]]
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[[Category: Margoliash E]]
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[[Category: Sanishvili, R.]]
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[[Category: Sanishvili R]]
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[[Category: Volz, K.W.]]
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[[Category: Volz KW]]
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[[Category: Westbrook, E.M.]]
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[[Category: Westbrook EM]]
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[[Category: ACE]]
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[[Category: HEM]]
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[[Category: ferric form]]
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[[Category: low ionic strength]]
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''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Tue Nov 20 12:41:56 2007''
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CYTOCHROME C AT LOW IONIC STRENGTH

PDB ID 1crc

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