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- | {{Seed}} | |
- | [[Image:1egt.png|left|200px]] | |
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- | <!-- | + | ==THROMBIN-BOUND STRUCTURE OF AN EGF SUBDOMAIN FROM HUMAN THROMBOMODULIN DETERMINED BY TRANSFERRED NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECTS== |
- | The line below this paragraph, containing "STRUCTURE_1egt", creates the "Structure Box" on the page.
| + | <StructureSection load='1egt' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1egt]]' scene=''> |
- | You may change the PDB parameter (which sets the PDB file loaded into the applet)
| + | == Structural highlights == |
- | or the SCENE parameter (which sets the initial scene displayed when the page is loaded),
| + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1egt]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1EGT OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1EGT FirstGlance]. <br> |
- | or leave the SCENE parameter empty for the default display.
| + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR, 3 models</td></tr> |
- | --> | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1egt FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1egt OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1egt PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1egt RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1egt PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1egt ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
- | {{STRUCTURE_1egt| PDB=1egt | SCENE= }}
| + | </table> |
| + | == Disease == |
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRBM_HUMAN TRBM_HUMAN] Defects in THBD are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombomodulin defect (THPH12) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/614486 614486]. A hemostatic disorder characterized by a tendency to thrombosis.<ref>PMID:7811989</ref> <ref>PMID:9198186</ref> <ref>PMID:12139752</ref> Defects in THBD are a cause of susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome atypical type 6 (AHUS6) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/612926 612926]. An atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is a complex genetic disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and absence of episodes of enterocolitis and diarrhea. In contrast to typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical forms have a poorer prognosis, with higher death rates and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease. Note=Susceptibility to the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome can be conferred by mutations in various components of or regulatory factors in the complement cascade system. Other genes may play a role in modifying the phenotype.<ref>PMID:19625716</ref> <ref>PMID:20513133</ref> |
| + | == Function == |
| + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TRBM_HUMAN TRBM_HUMAN] Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C (protein Ca). Once evolved, protein Ca scissions the activated cofactors of the coagulation mechanism, factor Va and factor VIIIa, and thereby reduces the amount of thrombin generated. |
| + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
| + | The EGF-like domains in human thrombomodulin interact with and change the specificity of thrombin from a procoagulant enzyme to an anticoagulant enzyme. Recent experiments identified the minimal thrombin-binding region of thrombomodulin as the most acidic loop of the fifth EGF-like domain with a sequence of E408CPEGYILDDGFI420CTDIDE. High-resolution NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the interaction of a des-Ile420 thrombomodulin peptide, Cys1(409)Pro2Glu3Gly4Tyr5Ile6- Leu7Asp8Asp9Gly10Phe11Cys12Thr13Asp14Ile15Asp16Glu17(426), with its target coagulation protein, thrombin. The disulfide-bonded peptide was found to be structured only upon binding, while neither the linear nor the cyclized peptide exhibited any structural preference free in solution. The thrombin-bound structure of the cyclic thrombomodulin peptide was determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects (transferred NOEs) and by distance geometry and Monte Carlo calculations. The thrombin-bound cyclic peptide assumes an overall conformation similar to those observed in the free but intact EGF molecules. There is a type II beta-turn involving residues Pro2-Tyr5, followed by an optimized antiparallel beta-sheet involving residues Gly4-Asp8 and residues Phe11-Ile15. The thrombomodulin peptide provides a potential thrombin-binding surface between residues Tyr5 and Phe11, which are brought close by a chain reversal within the central beta-sheet. Comparison of the thrombin-bound structure of the EGF-like subdomain with other thrombin-peptide complexes revealed that a common thrombin-binding surface can be organized by different secondary structure elements with entirely different peptide sequences. The thrombin-bound structure of the thrombomodulin peptide may serve as a basis to understand the regulatory functions of thrombomodulin and as a guide for the design of specific inhibitors for thrombin. |
| | | |
- | ===THROMBIN-BOUND STRUCTURE OF AN EGF SUBDOMAIN FROM HUMAN THROMBOMODULIN DETERMINED BY TRANSFERRED NUCLEAR OVERHAUSER EFFECTS===
| + | Thrombin-bound structure of an EGF subdomain from human thrombomodulin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects.,Srinivasan J, Hu S, Hrabal R, Zhu Y, Komives EA, Ni F Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 22;33(46):13553-60. PMID:7947766<ref>PMID:7947766</ref> |
| | | |
- | | + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
- | <!--
| + | </div> |
- | The line below this paragraph, {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_7947766}}, adds the Publication Abstract to the page
| + | <div class="pdbe-citations 1egt" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
- | (as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 7947766 is the PubMed ID number.
| + | == References == |
- | -->
| + | <references/> |
- | {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_7947766}}
| + | __TOC__ |
- | | + | </StructureSection> |
- | ==About this Structure== | + | |
- | 1EGT is a [[Single protein]] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1EGT OCA].
| + | |
- | | + | |
- | ==Reference== | + | |
- | Thrombin-bound structure of an EGF subdomain from human thrombomodulin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects., Srinivasan J, Hu S, Hrabal R, Zhu Y, Komives EA, Ni F, Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 22;33(46):13553-60. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7947766 7947766]
| + | |
| [[Category: Homo sapiens]] | | [[Category: Homo sapiens]] |
- | [[Category: Single protein]] | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
- | [[Category: Ni, F.]] | + | [[Category: Ni F]] |
- | [[Category: Egf]]
| + | |
- | [[Category: Epidermal growth factor]]
| + | |
- | | + | |
- | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Tue Jul 1 00:40:38 2008''
| + | |
| Structural highlights
Disease
TRBM_HUMAN Defects in THBD are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombomodulin defect (THPH12) [MIM:614486. A hemostatic disorder characterized by a tendency to thrombosis.[1] [2] [3] Defects in THBD are a cause of susceptibility to hemolytic uremic syndrome atypical type 6 (AHUS6) [MIM:612926. An atypical form of hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is a complex genetic disease characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal failure and absence of episodes of enterocolitis and diarrhea. In contrast to typical hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical forms have a poorer prognosis, with higher death rates and frequent progression to end-stage renal disease. Note=Susceptibility to the development of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome can be conferred by mutations in various components of or regulatory factors in the complement cascade system. Other genes may play a role in modifying the phenotype.[4] [5]
Function
TRBM_HUMAN Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C (protein Ca). Once evolved, protein Ca scissions the activated cofactors of the coagulation mechanism, factor Va and factor VIIIa, and thereby reduces the amount of thrombin generated.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The EGF-like domains in human thrombomodulin interact with and change the specificity of thrombin from a procoagulant enzyme to an anticoagulant enzyme. Recent experiments identified the minimal thrombin-binding region of thrombomodulin as the most acidic loop of the fifth EGF-like domain with a sequence of E408CPEGYILDDGFI420CTDIDE. High-resolution NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the interaction of a des-Ile420 thrombomodulin peptide, Cys1(409)Pro2Glu3Gly4Tyr5Ile6- Leu7Asp8Asp9Gly10Phe11Cys12Thr13Asp14Ile15Asp16Glu17(426), with its target coagulation protein, thrombin. The disulfide-bonded peptide was found to be structured only upon binding, while neither the linear nor the cyclized peptide exhibited any structural preference free in solution. The thrombin-bound structure of the cyclic thrombomodulin peptide was determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects (transferred NOEs) and by distance geometry and Monte Carlo calculations. The thrombin-bound cyclic peptide assumes an overall conformation similar to those observed in the free but intact EGF molecules. There is a type II beta-turn involving residues Pro2-Tyr5, followed by an optimized antiparallel beta-sheet involving residues Gly4-Asp8 and residues Phe11-Ile15. The thrombomodulin peptide provides a potential thrombin-binding surface between residues Tyr5 and Phe11, which are brought close by a chain reversal within the central beta-sheet. Comparison of the thrombin-bound structure of the EGF-like subdomain with other thrombin-peptide complexes revealed that a common thrombin-binding surface can be organized by different secondary structure elements with entirely different peptide sequences. The thrombin-bound structure of the thrombomodulin peptide may serve as a basis to understand the regulatory functions of thrombomodulin and as a guide for the design of specific inhibitors for thrombin.
Thrombin-bound structure of an EGF subdomain from human thrombomodulin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects.,Srinivasan J, Hu S, Hrabal R, Zhu Y, Komives EA, Ni F Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 22;33(46):13553-60. PMID:7947766[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Ohlin AK, Marlar RA. The first mutation identified in the thrombomodulin gene in a 45-year-old man presenting with thromboembolic disease. Blood. 1995 Jan 15;85(2):330-6. PMID:7811989
- ↑ Ohlin AK, Norlund L, Marlar RA. Thrombomodulin gene variations and thromboembolic disease. Thromb Haemost. 1997 Jul;78(1):396-400. PMID:9198186
- ↑ Faioni EM, Franchi F, Castaman G, Biguzzi E, Rodeghiero F. Mutations in the thrombomodulin gene are rare in patients with severe thrombophilia. Br J Haematol. 2002 Aug;118(2):595-9. PMID:12139752
- ↑ Delvaeye M, Noris M, De Vriese A, Esmon CT, Esmon NL, Ferrell G, Del-Favero J, Plaisance S, Claes B, Lambrechts D, Zoja C, Remuzzi G, Conway EM. Thrombomodulin mutations in atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jul 23;361(4):345-57. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810739. PMID:19625716 doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0810739
- ↑ Maga TK, Nishimura CJ, Weaver AE, Frees KL, Smith RJ. Mutations in alternative pathway complement proteins in American patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Hum Mutat. 2010 Jun;31(6):E1445-60. doi: 10.1002/humu.21256. PMID:20513133 doi:10.1002/humu.21256
- ↑ Srinivasan J, Hu S, Hrabal R, Zhu Y, Komives EA, Ni F. Thrombin-bound structure of an EGF subdomain from human thrombomodulin determined by transferred nuclear Overhauser effects. Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 22;33(46):13553-60. PMID:7947766
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