1kw0

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{{Seed}}
 
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[[Image:1kw0.png|left|200px]]
 
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==Catalytic Domain of Human Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (Fe(II)) in Complex with Tetrahydrobiopterin and Thienylalanine==
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The line below this paragraph, containing "STRUCTURE_1kw0", creates the "Structure Box" on the page.
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<StructureSection load='1kw0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1kw0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
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You may change the PDB parameter (which sets the PDB file loaded into the applet)
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== Structural highlights ==
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or the SCENE parameter (which sets the initial scene displayed when the page is loaded),
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1kw0]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KW0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1KW0 FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
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<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FE2:FE+(II)+ION'>FE2</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=H4B:5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDROBIOPTERIN'>H4B</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TIH:BETA(2-THIENYL)ALANINE'>TIH</scene></td></tr>
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{{STRUCTURE_1kw0| PDB=1kw0 | SCENE= }}
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1kw0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1kw0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1kw0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1kw0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1kw0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1kw0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Disease ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PH4H_HUMAN PH4H_HUMAN] Defects in PAH are the cause of phenylketonuria (PKU) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/261600 261600]. PKU is an autosomal recessive inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism, due to severe phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. It is characterized by blood concentrations of phenylalanine persistently above 1200 mumol (normal concentration 100 mumol) which usually causes mental retardation (unless low phenylalanine diet is introduced early in life). They tend to have light pigmentation, rashes similar to eczema, epilepsy, extreme hyperactivity, psychotic states and an unpleasant 'mousy' odor.<ref>PMID:8594560</ref> <ref>PMID:2840952</ref> <ref>PMID:2564729</ref> <ref>PMID:2615649</ref> <ref>PMID:1975559</ref> <ref>PMID:1671810</ref> <ref>PMID:2014802</ref> <ref>PMID:1672294</ref> <ref>PMID:1672290</ref> <ref>PMID:1679030</ref> <ref>PMID:1709636</ref> <ref>PMID:1355066</ref> <ref>PMID:1363837</ref> <ref>PMID:1363838</ref> <ref>PMID:8406445</ref> <ref>PMID:8068076</ref> <ref>PMID:7833954</ref> <ref>PMID:8889583</ref> <ref>PMID:8889590</ref> <ref>PMID:9048935</ref> <ref>PMID:9101291</ref> <ref>PMID:9521426</ref> <ref>PMID:9600453</ref> <ref>PMID:10200057</ref> <ref>PMID:9452061</ref> <ref>PMID:9452062</ref> <ref>PMID:9792407</ref> <ref>PMID:9792411</ref> <ref>PMID:9950317</ref> <ref>PMID:10679941</ref> <ref>PMID:11326337</ref> <ref>PMID:11180595</ref> <ref>PMID:11385716</ref> <ref>PMID:11461196</ref> <ref>PMID:12501224</ref> <ref>PMID:18538294</ref> <ref>PMID:22526846</ref> <ref>PMID:22513348</ref> Defects in PAH are the cause of non-phenylketonuria hyperphenylalaninemia (Non-PKU HPA) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/261600 261600]. Non-PKU HPA is a mild form of phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency characterized by phenylalanine levels persistently below 600 mumol, which allows normal intellectual and behavioral development without treatment. Non-PKU HPA is usually caused by the combined effect of a mild hyperphenylalaninemia mutation and a severe one. Defects in PAH are the cause of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/261600 261600]. HPA is the mildest form of phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency.<ref>PMID:9521426</ref> <ref>PMID:11385716</ref> <ref>PMID:12501224</ref> <ref>PMID:1358789</ref> <ref>PMID:8098245</ref> <ref>PMID:8088845</ref> <ref>PMID:9852673</ref> <ref>PMID:11935335</ref>
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== Function ==
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[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PH4H_HUMAN PH4H_HUMAN]
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/kw/1kw0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1kw0 ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Phenylalanine hydroxylase catalyzes the stereospecific hydroxylation of L-phenylalanine, the committed step in the degradation of this amino acid. We have solved the crystal structure of the ternary complex (hPheOH-Fe(II).BH(4).THA) of the catalytically active Fe(II) form of a truncated form (DeltaN1-102/DeltaC428-452) of human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPheOH), using the catalytically active reduced cofactor 6(R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) and 3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanine (THA) as a substrate analogue. The analogue is bound in the second coordination sphere of the catalytic iron atom with the thiophene ring stacking against the imidazole group of His285 (average interplanar distance 3.8A) and with a network of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts. Binding of the analogue to the binary complex hPheOH-Fe(II).BH(4) triggers structural changes throughout the entire molecule, which adopts a slightly more compact structure. The largest change occurs in the loop region comprising residues 131-155, where the maximum r.m.s. displacement (9.6A) is at Tyr138. This loop is refolded, bringing the hydroxyl oxygen atom of Tyr138 18.5A closer to the iron atom and into the active site. The iron geometry is highly distorted square pyramidal, and Glu330 adopts a conformation different from that observed in the hPheOH-Fe(II).BH(4) structure, with bidentate iron coordination. BH(4) binds in the second coordination sphere of the catalytic iron atom, and is displaced 2.6A in the direction of Glu286 and the iron atom, relative to the hPheOH-Fe(II).BH(4) structure, thus changing its hydrogen bonding network. The active-site structure of the ternary complex gives new insight into the substrate specificity of the enzyme, notably the low affinity for L-tyrosine. Furthermore, the structure has implications both for the catalytic mechanism and the molecular basis for the activation of the full-length tetrameric enzyme by its substrate. The large conformational change, moving Tyr138 from a surface position into the active site, may reflect a possible functional role for this residue.
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===Catalytic Domain of Human Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (Fe(II)) in Complex with Tetrahydrobiopterin and Thienylalanine===
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Crystal structure of the ternary complex of the catalytic domain of human phenylalanine hydroxylase with tetrahydrobiopterin and 3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanine, and its implications for the mechanism of catalysis and substrate activation.,Andersen OA, Flatmark T, Hough E J Mol Biol. 2002 Jul 26;320(5):1095-108. PMID:12126628<ref>PMID:12126628</ref>
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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</div>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1kw0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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==See Also==
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The line below this paragraph, {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_12126628}}, adds the Publication Abstract to the page
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*[[Hydroxylases 3D structures|Hydroxylases 3D structures]]
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(as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 12126628 is the PubMed ID number.
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== References ==
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<references/>
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_12126628}}
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
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==Disease==
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Known disease associated with this structure: Phenylketonuria OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=612349 612349]], Hyperphenylalaninemia, mild OMIM:[[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=612349 612349]]
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==About this Structure==
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1KW0 is a 1 chain structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1KW0 OCA].
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==Reference==
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:12126628</ref><references group="xtra"/>
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[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase]]
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[[Category: Large Structures]]
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[[Category: Andersen, O A.]]
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[[Category: Andersen OA]]
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[[Category: Flatmark, T.]]
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[[Category: Flatmark T]]
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[[Category: Hough, E.]]
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[[Category: Hough E]]
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[[Category: Basket-arrangement 13 alpha-helices and 6 beta-strand]]
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[[Category: Ferrous iron]]
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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Tue Feb 17 07:53:10 2009''
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Current revision

Catalytic Domain of Human Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (Fe(II)) in Complex with Tetrahydrobiopterin and Thienylalanine

PDB ID 1kw0

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