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| - | [[Image:2c7y.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="2c7y" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true" | |
| - | caption="2c7y, resolution 2.10Å" /> | |
| - | '''PLANT ENZYME'''<br /> | |
| | | | |
| - | ==Overview== | + | ==plant enzyme== |
| - | Crystal structures of peroxisomal Arabidopsis thaliana 3-ketoacyl-CoA, thiolase (AtKAT), an enzyme of fatty acid beta-oxidation, are reported., The subunit, a typical thiolase, is a combination of two similar, alpha/beta domains capped with a loop domain. The comparison of AtKAT with, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue (ScKAT) structure reveals a, different placement of subunits within the functional dimers and that a, polypeptide segment forming an extended loop around the open catalytic, pocket of ScKAT converts to alpha-helix in AtKAT, and occludes the active, site. A disulfide is formed between Cys192, on this helix, and Cys138, a, catalytic residue. Access to Cys138 is determined by the structure of this, polypeptide segment. AtKAT represents an oxidized, previously unknown, inactive form, whilst ScKAT is the reduced and active enzyme. A high level, of sequence conservation is observed, including Cys192, in eukaryotic, peroxisomal, but not mitochondrial or prokaryotic KAT sequences, for this, labile loop/helix segment. This indicates that KAT activity in peroxisomes, is influenced by a disulfide/dithiol change linking fatty acid, beta-oxidation with redox regulation. | + | <StructureSection load='2c7y' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2c7y]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10Å' scene=''> |
| | + | == Structural highlights == |
| | + | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2c7y]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabidopsis_thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2C7Y OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2C7Y FirstGlance]. <br> |
| | + | </td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1Å</td></tr> |
| | + | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2c7y FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2c7y OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2c7y PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2c7y RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2c7y PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2c7y ProSAT]</span></td></tr> |
| | + | </table> |
| | + | == Function == |
| | + | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THIK2_ARATH THIK2_ARATH] Involved in long chain fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Confers sensitivity to 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutiric acid (2,4-DB). Required for local and systemic induction of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis after wounding. Seems to be involved in JA biosynthesis during senescence.<ref>PMID:9490742</ref> <ref>PMID:11696182</ref> <ref>PMID:11891244</ref> <ref>PMID:15141068</ref> <ref>PMID:15979881</ref> |
| | + | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| | + | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
| | + | Check<jmol> |
| | + | <jmolCheckbox> |
| | + | <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/c7/2c7y_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked> |
| | + | <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked> |
| | + | <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text> |
| | + | </jmolCheckbox> |
| | + | </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2c7y ConSurf]. |
| | + | <div style="clear:both"></div> |
| | + | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> |
| | + | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == |
| | + | Crystal structures of peroxisomal Arabidopsis thaliana 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (AtKAT), an enzyme of fatty acid beta-oxidation, are reported. The subunit, a typical thiolase, is a combination of two similar alpha/beta domains capped with a loop domain. The comparison of AtKAT with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue (ScKAT) structure reveals a different placement of subunits within the functional dimers and that a polypeptide segment forming an extended loop around the open catalytic pocket of ScKAT converts to alpha-helix in AtKAT, and occludes the active site. A disulfide is formed between Cys192, on this helix, and Cys138, a catalytic residue. Access to Cys138 is determined by the structure of this polypeptide segment. AtKAT represents an oxidized, previously unknown inactive form, whilst ScKAT is the reduced and active enzyme. A high level of sequence conservation is observed, including Cys192, in eukaryotic peroxisomal, but not mitochondrial or prokaryotic KAT sequences, for this labile loop/helix segment. This indicates that KAT activity in peroxisomes is influenced by a disulfide/dithiol change linking fatty acid beta-oxidation with redox regulation. |
| | | | |
| - | ==About this Structure==
| + | The crystal structure of a plant 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase reveals the potential for redox control of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.,Sundaramoorthy R, Micossi E, Alphey MS, Germain V, Bryce JH, Smith SM, Leonard GA, Hunter WN J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 2;359(2):347-57. Epub 2006 Mar 29. PMID:16630629<ref>PMID:16630629</ref> |
| - | 2C7Y is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_protein Single protein] structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabidopsis_thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl-CoA_C-acyltransferase Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.3.1.16 2.3.1.16] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2C7Y OCA].
| + | |
| | | | |
| - | ==Reference==
| + | From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> |
| - | The crystal structure of a plant 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase reveals the potential for redox control of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation., Sundaramoorthy R, Micossi E, Alphey MS, Germain V, Bryce JH, Smith SM, Leonard GA, Hunter WN, J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 2;359(2):347-57. Epub 2006 Mar 29. PMID:[http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il//pmbin/getpm?pmid=16630629 16630629]
| + | </div> |
| - | [[Category: Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase]]
| + | <div class="pdbe-citations 2c7y" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div> |
| - | [[Category: Arabidopsis thaliana]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Single protein]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Alphey, M.S.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Bryce, J.H.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Germain, V.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Hunter, W.N.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Leonard, G.A.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Micossi, E.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Smith, S.M.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: Sundaramoorthy, R.]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: 3-ketoacylcoa thiolase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: acyltransferase]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: fatty acid metabolism]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: lipid synthesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: oxylipin synthesis]]
| + | |
| - | [[Category: transferase]]
| + | |
| | | | |
| - | ''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Wed Nov 21 09:02:19 2007''
| + | ==See Also== |
| | + | *[[Thiolase 3D structures|Thiolase 3D structures]] |
| | + | == References == |
| | + | <references/> |
| | + | __TOC__ |
| | + | </StructureSection> |
| | + | [[Category: Arabidopsis thaliana]] |
| | + | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| | + | [[Category: Alphey MS]] |
| | + | [[Category: Bryce JH]] |
| | + | [[Category: Germain V]] |
| | + | [[Category: Hunter WN]] |
| | + | [[Category: Leonard GA]] |
| | + | [[Category: Micossi E]] |
| | + | [[Category: Smith SM]] |
| | + | [[Category: Sundaramoorthy R]] |
| Structural highlights
Function
THIK2_ARATH Involved in long chain fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Confers sensitivity to 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutiric acid (2,4-DB). Required for local and systemic induction of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis after wounding. Seems to be involved in JA biosynthesis during senescence.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Crystal structures of peroxisomal Arabidopsis thaliana 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (AtKAT), an enzyme of fatty acid beta-oxidation, are reported. The subunit, a typical thiolase, is a combination of two similar alpha/beta domains capped with a loop domain. The comparison of AtKAT with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologue (ScKAT) structure reveals a different placement of subunits within the functional dimers and that a polypeptide segment forming an extended loop around the open catalytic pocket of ScKAT converts to alpha-helix in AtKAT, and occludes the active site. A disulfide is formed between Cys192, on this helix, and Cys138, a catalytic residue. Access to Cys138 is determined by the structure of this polypeptide segment. AtKAT represents an oxidized, previously unknown inactive form, whilst ScKAT is the reduced and active enzyme. A high level of sequence conservation is observed, including Cys192, in eukaryotic peroxisomal, but not mitochondrial or prokaryotic KAT sequences, for this labile loop/helix segment. This indicates that KAT activity in peroxisomes is influenced by a disulfide/dithiol change linking fatty acid beta-oxidation with redox regulation.
The crystal structure of a plant 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase reveals the potential for redox control of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.,Sundaramoorthy R, Micossi E, Alphey MS, Germain V, Bryce JH, Smith SM, Leonard GA, Hunter WN J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 2;359(2):347-57. Epub 2006 Mar 29. PMID:16630629[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
See Also
References
- ↑ Hayashi M, Toriyama K, Kondo M, Nishimura M. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxybutyric acid-resistant mutants of Arabidopsis have defects in glyoxysomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. Plant Cell. 1998 Feb;10(2):183-95. PMID:9490742
- ↑ Germain V, Rylott EL, Larson TR, Sherson SM, Bechtold N, Carde JP, Bryce JH, Graham IA, Smith SM. Requirement for 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase-2 in peroxisome development, fatty acid beta-oxidation and breakdown of triacylglycerol in lipid bodies of Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant J. 2001 Oct;28(1):1-12. PMID:11696182
- ↑ He Y, Fukushige H, Hildebrand DF, Gan S. Evidence supporting a role of jasmonic acid in Arabidopsis leaf senescence. Plant Physiol. 2002 Mar;128(3):876-84. PMID:11891244 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.010843
- ↑ Cruz Castillo M, Martinez C, Buchala A, Metraux JP, Leon J. Gene-specific involvement of beta-oxidation in wound-activated responses in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2004 May;135(1):85-94. PMID:15141068 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.104.039925
- ↑ Afitlhile MM, Fukushige H, Nishimura M, Hildebrand DF. A defect in glyoxysomal fatty acid beta-oxidation reduces jasmonic acid accumulation in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2005 Jun;43(6):603-9. PMID:15979881 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S0981-9428(05)00126-9
- ↑ Sundaramoorthy R, Micossi E, Alphey MS, Germain V, Bryce JH, Smith SM, Leonard GA, Hunter WN. The crystal structure of a plant 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase reveals the potential for redox control of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation. J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 2;359(2):347-57. Epub 2006 Mar 29. PMID:16630629 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2006.03.032
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