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Sandbox Reserved 427
From Proteopedia
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===Introduction=== | ===Introduction=== | ||
| + | Insulin receptor | ||
| + | ABOUT | ||
| + | -tyrosine kinase (ligand-activated receptor kinase) | ||
| + | -expressed at cell surface as homodimers composed of alpha/beta monomers | ||
| + | -disulfide-linked ectodomain dimer - folded over conformation places ligands in correct relative positions ('''green scene''') | ||
| + | -mediate activity by addition of phophate to tyrosines on specific proteins in cell | ||
| + | |||
| + | -found in organisms from cnidarians and insects to humans | ||
| + | -in humans essential for maintaining glucose levels | ||
| + | -also has role in growth and development (insulin growth factor II) | ||
| + | -signal through IGF2 to mediate embryonic growth (Kitamura et al) | ||
| - | + | FUNCTION | |
| + | -insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) binding leads to increase in high affinity glucose transporter (Glut4) molecules on the other membrane of cell (muscles, adipose) | ||
| + | -leads to increased glu uptake (Glut4 mediates transport of glu into cell) | ||
<scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_427/Practice/1'>practice scene</scene> | <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_427/Practice/1'>practice scene</scene> | ||
| + | |||
| + | DISEASE | ||
| + | -decreased insulin resceptor signalling (aka insulin insensitivity)leads to diabetes mellitus type 2 | ||
| + | - cells unable to take up glu => hyperglycemia (increased circulating glucose) | ||
| + | -aka non-insulin-dependent or adult onset diabetes | ||
| + | -beleived to be caused by obesity and genetic predisposition | ||
| + | -managed with dietary and lifestyle modifications | ||
| + | -mutations in both copies of the insulin receptor gene causes Donohue syndrome (leprechaunism) | ||
| + | -autosomal recessive; results in totally non-functional insulin receptor | ||
| + | -results in distorted facial features, growth redardation and often death within a year | ||
===Overall Structure=== | ===Overall Structure=== | ||
Revision as of 21:06, 3 March 2012
| This Sandbox is Reserved from January 19, 2016, through August 31, 2016 for use for Proteopedia Team Projects by the class Chemistry 423 Biochemistry for Chemists taught by Lynmarie K Thompson at University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA. This reservation includes Sandbox Reserved 425 through Sandbox Reserved 439. |
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Contents |
Introduction
Insulin receptor ABOUT -tyrosine kinase (ligand-activated receptor kinase)
-expressed at cell surface as homodimers composed of alpha/beta monomers
-disulfide-linked ectodomain dimer - folded over conformation places ligands in correct relative positions (green scene)
-mediate activity by addition of phophate to tyrosines on specific proteins in cell
-found in organisms from cnidarians and insects to humans
-in humans essential for maintaining glucose levels
-also has role in growth and development (insulin growth factor II)
-signal through IGF2 to mediate embryonic growth (Kitamura et al)
FUNCTION -insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) binding leads to increase in high affinity glucose transporter (Glut4) molecules on the other membrane of cell (muscles, adipose)
-leads to increased glu uptake (Glut4 mediates transport of glu into cell)
DISEASE -decreased insulin resceptor signalling (aka insulin insensitivity)leads to diabetes mellitus type 2
- cells unable to take up glu => hyperglycemia (increased circulating glucose)
-aka non-insulin-dependent or adult onset diabetes
-beleived to be caused by obesity and genetic predisposition
-managed with dietary and lifestyle modifications
-mutations in both copies of the insulin receptor gene causes Donohue syndrome (leprechaunism)
-autosomal recessive; results in totally non-functional insulin receptor -results in distorted facial features, growth redardation and often death within a year
Overall Structure
Binding Interactions
Additional Features
Credits
Introduction - Rebecca Bishop
Overall Structure - Kathryn Liedell
Drug Binding Site - Ryan Deeney
Additional Features - Jeffrey Boerth
