3l3z

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{{STRUCTURE_3l3z| PDB=3l3z | SCENE= }}
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==Crystal structure of DHT-bound androgen receptor in complex with the third motif of steroid receptor coactivator 3==
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===Crystal structure of DHT-bound androgen receptor in complex with the third motif of steroid receptor coactivator 3===
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<StructureSection load='3l3z' size='340' side='right' caption='[[3l3z]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_20086010}}
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== Structural highlights ==
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<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3l3z]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3L3Z OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3L3Z FirstGlance]. <br>
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</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=DHT:5-ALPHA-DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE'>DHT</scene></td></tr>
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<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[3l3x|3l3x]]</td></tr>
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<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">AR, DHTR, NR3C4 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 Homo sapiens])</td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3l3z FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3l3z OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3l3z RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3l3z PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
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</table>
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== Disease ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANDR_HUMAN ANDR_HUMAN]] Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/300068 300068]]; previously known as testicular feminization syndrome (TFM). AIS is an X-linked recessive form of pseudohermaphroditism due end-organ resistance to androgen. Affected males have female external genitalia, female breast development, blind vagina, absent uterus and female adnexa, and abdominal or inguinal testes, despite a normal 46,XY karyotype.<ref>PMID:2594783</ref> <ref>PMID:8413310</ref> <ref>PMID:1775137</ref> <ref>PMID:16129672</ref> <ref>PMID:2082179</ref> <ref>PMID:1999491</ref> <ref>PMID:1609793</ref> <ref>PMID:1426313</ref> <ref>PMID:1487249</ref> <ref>PMID:1307250</ref> <ref>PMID:1569163</ref> <ref>PMID:1464650</ref> <ref>PMID:1430233</ref> <ref>PMID:1316540</ref> <ref>PMID:1480178</ref> <ref>PMID:8224266</ref> <ref>PMID:8103398</ref> <ref>PMID:8281140</ref> <ref>PMID:8325950</ref> <ref>PMID:8096390</ref> <ref>PMID:8446106</ref> [:]<ref>PMID:8162033</ref> <ref>PMID:7981687</ref> <ref>PMID:7981689</ref> <ref>PMID:7962294</ref> <ref>PMID:8040309</ref> <ref>PMID:7929841</ref> <ref>PMID:7993455</ref> <ref>PMID:7970939</ref> <ref>PMID:8830623</ref> <ref>PMID:7641413</ref> <ref>PMID:7671849</ref> <ref>PMID:7633398</ref> <ref>PMID:7537149</ref> <ref>PMID:7581399</ref> <ref>PMID:8723113</ref> <ref>PMID:9039340</ref> <ref>PMID:9001799</ref> <ref>PMID:8626869</ref> <ref>PMID:8768864</ref> <ref>PMID:8918984</ref> <ref>PMID:8683794</ref> <ref>PMID:8647313</ref> <ref>PMID:8809734</ref> <ref>PMID:9106550</ref> <ref>PMID:9160185</ref> <ref>PMID:9007482</ref> <ref>PMID:8990010</ref> <ref>PMID:9255042</ref> <ref>PMID:9252933</ref> <ref>PMID:9328206</ref> <ref>PMID:9302173</ref> <ref>PMID:9544375</ref> <ref>PMID:9698822</ref> <ref>PMID:9788719</ref> <ref>PMID:9610419</ref> <ref>PMID:9856504</ref> <ref>PMID:9554754</ref> [:]<ref>PMID:9851768</ref> <ref>PMID:9627582</ref> <ref>PMID:10571951</ref> <ref>PMID:10221692</ref> <ref>PMID:10404311</ref> <ref>PMID:10022458</ref> <ref>PMID:10221770</ref> <ref>PMID:10590024</ref> <ref>PMID:10458483</ref> <ref>PMID:10690872</ref> <ref>PMID:11587068</ref> <ref>PMID:11744994</ref> <ref>PMID:16595706</ref> Defects in AR are the cause of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy X-linked type 1 (SMAX1) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/313200 313200]]; also known as Kennedy disease. SMAX1 is an X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy refers to a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy. SMAX1 occurs only in men. Age at onset is usually in the third to fifth decade of life, but earlier involvement has been reported. It is characterized by slowly progressive limb and bulbar muscle weakness with fasciculations, muscle atrophy, and gynecomastia. The disorder is clinically similar to classic forms of autosomal spinal muscular atrophy. Note=Caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion. In SMAX1 patients the number of Gln ranges from 38 to 62. Longer expansions result in earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestations of the disease.<ref>PMID:15851746</ref> Note=Defects in AR may play a role in metastatic prostate cancer. The mutated receptor stimulates prostate growth and metastases development despite of androgen ablation. This treatment can reduce primary and metastatic lesions probably by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells when they express the wild-type receptor. Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome partial (PAIS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/312300 312300]]; also known as Reifenstein syndrome. PAIS is characterized by hypospadias, hypogonadism, gynecomastia, genital ambiguity, normal XY karyotype, and a pedigree pattern consistent with X-linked recessive inheritance. Some patients present azoospermia or severe oligospermia without other clinical manifestations.
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== Function ==
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANDR_HUMAN ANDR_HUMAN]] Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.<ref>PMID:14664718</ref> <ref>PMID:18084323</ref> <ref>PMID:19345326</ref> <ref>PMID:20980437</ref> <ref>PMID:15563469</ref> <ref>PMID:17591767</ref> <ref>PMID:17911242</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA3_HUMAN NCOA3_HUMAN]] Nuclear receptor coactivator that directly binds nuclear receptors and stimulates the transcriptional activities in a hormone-dependent fashion. Plays a central role in creating a multisubunit coactivator complex, which probably acts via remodeling of chromatin. Involved in the coactivation of different nuclear receptors, such as for steroids (GR and ER), retinoids (RARs and RXRs), thyroid hormone (TRs), vitamin D3 (VDR) and prostanoids (PPARs). Displays histone acetyltransferase activity. Also involved in the coactivation of the NF-kappa-B pathway via its interaction with the NFKB1 subunit. Interacts with PSMB9.
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== Evolutionary Conservation ==
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[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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Check<jmol>
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<jmolCheckbox>
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<scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/l3/3l3z_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
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<scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
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<text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
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</jmolCheckbox>
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/chain_selection.php?pdb_ID=2ata ConSurf].
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<div style="clear:both"></div>
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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Transcription activation by androgen receptor (AR), which depends on recruitment of coactivators, is required for the initiation and progression of prostate cancer, yet the mechanisms of how hormone-activated AR interacts with coactivators remain unclear. This is because AR, unlike any other nuclear receptor, prefers its own N-terminal FXXLF motif to the canonical LXXLL motifs of coactivators. Through biochemical and crystallographic studies, we identify that steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC3) (also named as amplified in breast cancer-1 or AIB1) interacts strongly with AR via synergistic binding of its first and third LXXLL motifs. Mutagenesis and functional studies confirm that SRC3 is a preferred coactivator for hormone-activated AR. Importantly, AR mutations found in prostate cancer patients correlate with their binding potency to SRC3, corroborating with the emerging role of SRC3 as a prostate cancer oncogene. These results provide a molecular mechanism for the selective utilization of SRC3 by hormone-activated AR, and they link the functional relationship between AR and SRC3 to the development and growth of prostate cancer.
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==Disease==
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Identification of SRC3/AIB1 as a preferred coactivator for hormone-activated androgen receptor.,Zhou XE, Suino-Powell KM, Li J, He Y, Mackeigan JP, Melcher K, Yong EL, Xu HE J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 19;285(12):9161-71. Epub 2010 Jan 19. PMID:20086010<ref>PMID:20086010</ref>
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANDR_HUMAN ANDR_HUMAN]] Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/300068 300068]]; previously known as testicular feminization syndrome (TFM). AIS is an X-linked recessive form of pseudohermaphroditism due end-organ resistance to androgen. Affected males have female external genitalia, female breast development, blind vagina, absent uterus and female adnexa, and abdominal or inguinal testes, despite a normal 46,XY karyotype.<ref>PMID:2594783</ref><ref>PMID:8413310</ref><ref>PMID:1775137</ref><ref>PMID:16129672</ref><ref>PMID:2082179</ref><ref>PMID:1999491</ref><ref>PMID:1609793</ref><ref>PMID:1426313</ref><ref>PMID:1487249</ref><ref>PMID:1307250</ref><ref>PMID:1569163</ref><ref>PMID:1464650</ref><ref>PMID:1430233</ref><ref>PMID:1316540</ref><ref>PMID:1480178</ref><ref>PMID:8224266</ref><ref>PMID:8103398</ref><ref>PMID:8281140</ref><ref>PMID:8325950</ref><ref>PMID:8096390</ref><ref>PMID:8446106</ref>[:]<ref>PMID:8162033</ref><ref>PMID:7981687</ref><ref>PMID:7981689</ref><ref>PMID:7962294</ref><ref>PMID:8040309</ref><ref>PMID:7929841</ref><ref>PMID:7993455</ref><ref>PMID:7970939</ref><ref>PMID:8830623</ref><ref>PMID:7641413</ref><ref>PMID:7671849</ref><ref>PMID:7633398</ref><ref>PMID:7537149</ref><ref>PMID:7581399</ref><ref>PMID:8723113</ref><ref>PMID:9039340</ref><ref>PMID:9001799</ref><ref>PMID:8626869</ref><ref>PMID:8768864</ref><ref>PMID:8918984</ref><ref>PMID:8683794</ref><ref>PMID:8647313</ref><ref>PMID:8809734</ref><ref>PMID:9106550</ref><ref>PMID:9160185</ref><ref>PMID:9007482</ref><ref>PMID:8990010</ref><ref>PMID:9255042</ref><ref>PMID:9252933</ref><ref>PMID:9328206</ref><ref>PMID:9302173</ref><ref>PMID:9544375</ref><ref>PMID:9698822</ref><ref>PMID:9788719</ref><ref>PMID:9610419</ref><ref>PMID:9856504</ref><ref>PMID:9554754</ref>[:]<ref>PMID:9851768</ref><ref>PMID:9627582</ref><ref>PMID:10571951</ref><ref>PMID:10221692</ref><ref>PMID:10404311</ref><ref>PMID:10022458</ref><ref>PMID:10221770</ref><ref>PMID:10590024</ref><ref>PMID:10458483</ref><ref>PMID:10690872</ref><ref>PMID:11587068</ref><ref>PMID:11744994</ref><ref>PMID:16595706</ref> Defects in AR are the cause of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy X-linked type 1 (SMAX1) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/313200 313200]]; also known as Kennedy disease. SMAX1 is an X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy refers to a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and atrophy. SMAX1 occurs only in men. Age at onset is usually in the third to fifth decade of life, but earlier involvement has been reported. It is characterized by slowly progressive limb and bulbar muscle weakness with fasciculations, muscle atrophy, and gynecomastia. The disorder is clinically similar to classic forms of autosomal spinal muscular atrophy. Note=Caused by trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion. In SMAX1 patients the number of Gln ranges from 38 to 62. Longer expansions result in earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestations of the disease.<ref>PMID:15851746</ref> Note=Defects in AR may play a role in metastatic prostate cancer. The mutated receptor stimulates prostate growth and metastases development despite of androgen ablation. This treatment can reduce primary and metastatic lesions probably by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells when they express the wild-type receptor. Defects in AR are the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome partial (PAIS) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/312300 312300]]; also known as Reifenstein syndrome. PAIS is characterized by hypospadias, hypogonadism, gynecomastia, genital ambiguity, normal XY karyotype, and a pedigree pattern consistent with X-linked recessive inheritance. Some patients present azoospermia or severe oligospermia without other clinical manifestations.
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==Function==
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From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ANDR_HUMAN ANDR_HUMAN]] Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.<ref>PMID:14664718</ref><ref>PMID:18084323</ref><ref>PMID:19345326</ref><ref>PMID:20980437</ref><ref>PMID:15563469</ref><ref>PMID:17591767</ref><ref>PMID:17911242</ref> [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA3_HUMAN NCOA3_HUMAN]] Nuclear receptor coactivator that directly binds nuclear receptors and stimulates the transcriptional activities in a hormone-dependent fashion. Plays a central role in creating a multisubunit coactivator complex, which probably acts via remodeling of chromatin. Involved in the coactivation of different nuclear receptors, such as for steroids (GR and ER), retinoids (RARs and RXRs), thyroid hormone (TRs), vitamin D3 (VDR) and prostanoids (PPARs). Displays histone acetyltransferase activity. Also involved in the coactivation of the NF-kappa-B pathway via its interaction with the NFKB1 subunit. Interacts with PSMB9.
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</div>
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==About this Structure==
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==See Also==
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[[3l3z]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3L3Z OCA].
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*[[Androgen receptor|Androgen receptor]]
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== References ==
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==Reference==
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<references/>
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<ref group="xtra">PMID:020086010</ref><references group="xtra"/><references/>
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__TOC__
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
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[[Category: He, A.]]
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[[Category: He, A]]
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[[Category: Li, J.]]
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[[Category: Li, J]]
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[[Category: MacKeigan, J P.]]
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[[Category: MacKeigan, J P]]
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[[Category: Melcher, K.]]
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[[Category: Melcher, K]]
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[[Category: Suino-Powell, K M.]]
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[[Category: Suino-Powell, K M]]
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[[Category: Xu, H E.]]
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[[Category: Xu, H E]]
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[[Category: Yong, E L.]]
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[[Category: Yong, E L]]
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[[Category: Zhou, X E.]]
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[[Category: Zhou, X E]]
[[Category: Androgen receptor]]
[[Category: Androgen receptor]]
[[Category: Ligand binding domain]]
[[Category: Ligand binding domain]]

Revision as of 15:30, 18 December 2014

Crystal structure of DHT-bound androgen receptor in complex with the third motif of steroid receptor coactivator 3

3l3z, resolution 2.00Å

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