Sandbox 135
From Proteopedia
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Nuclear chromosomes are compressed as small packages of nucleosomes. DNA is wrapped twice around the nucleosome, which is made of a histone octamer (H2A, H2B, H3, H4) core. The tightly compacted chromosome does not allow gene expression to occur. | Nuclear chromosomes are compressed as small packages of nucleosomes. DNA is wrapped twice around the nucleosome, which is made of a histone octamer (H2A, H2B, H3, H4) core. The tightly compacted chromosome does not allow gene expression to occur. | ||
| - | + | Expressing these compacted areas of the chromosome relies upon the modification of histones. This modification can occur in the histone tail, which are flexible, irregular chains present at the C-terminal. | |
The modified tail can become the site for Transcription Factors (TF), which interacts with specific genes that undergo gene expression. TF first binds to the promoter region in the DNA, recruiting RNA polymerase II and setting a foundation for Co-Activator TF to bind to the basal TF. This event finally binds the Activator TF to an enhancer region in the DNA, increasing the rate of transcription. This process allows for transcription to begin. | The modified tail can become the site for Transcription Factors (TF), which interacts with specific genes that undergo gene expression. TF first binds to the promoter region in the DNA, recruiting RNA polymerase II and setting a foundation for Co-Activator TF to bind to the basal TF. This event finally binds the Activator TF to an enhancer region in the DNA, increasing the rate of transcription. This process allows for transcription to begin. | ||
p300 is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates gene expression through the use of HAT and BRD. p300 contains a HAT domain and a bromodomain which are 380 residues and 110 residues respectively. | p300 is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates gene expression through the use of HAT and BRD. p300 contains a HAT domain and a bromodomain which are 380 residues and 110 residues respectively. | ||
Revision as of 21:08, 17 April 2014
Introduction
Nuclear chromosomes are compressed as small packages of nucleosomes. DNA is wrapped twice around the nucleosome, which is made of a histone octamer (H2A, H2B, H3, H4) core. The tightly compacted chromosome does not allow gene expression to occur.
Expressing these compacted areas of the chromosome relies upon the modification of histones. This modification can occur in the histone tail, which are flexible, irregular chains present at the C-terminal.
The modified tail can become the site for Transcription Factors (TF), which interacts with specific genes that undergo gene expression. TF first binds to the promoter region in the DNA, recruiting RNA polymerase II and setting a foundation for Co-Activator TF to bind to the basal TF. This event finally binds the Activator TF to an enhancer region in the DNA, increasing the rate of transcription. This process allows for transcription to begin.
p300 is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates gene expression through the use of HAT and BRD. p300 contains a HAT domain and a bromodomain which are 380 residues and 110 residues respectively.
