| Structural highlights
4h82 is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
| | Ligands: | , , , , , , |
| Related: | 4h30, 4h2e, 4h1q, 4h49, 4h3x, 4h84 |
| Gene: | CLG4B, MMP9 (HUMAN) |
| Activity: | Gelatinase B, with EC number 3.4.24.35 |
| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum |
Disease
[MMP9_HUMAN] Defects in MMP9 may be a cause of susceptibility to intervertebral disc disease (IDD) [MIM:603932]; also known as lumbar disk herniation (LDH). IDD is one of the most common musculo-skeletal disorders and the predominant cause of low-back pain and unilateral leg pain.[1] Defects in MMP9 are the cause of metaphyseal anadysplasia type 2 (MANDP2) [MIM:613073]. Metaphyseal anadysplasia consists of an abnormal bone development characterized by severe skeletal changes that, in contrast with the progressive course of most other skeletal dysplasias, resolve spontaneously with age. Clinical characteristics are evident from the first months of life and include slight shortness of stature and a mild varus deformity of the legs. Patients attain a normal stature in adolescence and show improvement or complete resolution of varus deformity of the legs and rhizomelic micromelia.
Function
[MMP9_HUMAN] May play an essential role in local proteolysis of the extracellular matrix and in leukocyte migration. Could play a role in bone osteoclastic resorption. Cleaves KiSS1 at a Gly-|-Leu bond. Cleaves type IV and type V collagen into large C-terminal three quarter fragments and shorter N-terminal one quarter fragments. Degrades fibronectin but not laminin or Pz-peptide.[2]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Starting from the observation that the CbzNH(CH2)2 side chain of the potent MMP-2/MMP-14 inhibitor, benzyl-(3R)-4-(hydroxyamino)-3-[isopropoxy(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl-sulfonyl)amino]-4-o xobutylcarbamate, (R)-1 lies in a hydrophobic region (S1) exposed to the solvent of the protease active site, we hypothesized that an aminoethylcarboxamido chain structurally related to that of (R)-1 might be an useful tool to bind another linker stretching out from the protein. This would be able to interact either with a enzyme region adjacent to the active site, or with other molecules of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), or other proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that may be involved in the enzyme activation. On these basis we describe new dimeric compounds of type 2, twin hydroxamic acids, obtained by the joint of two drug entities of (R)-1 linked in P1 by extendable semirigid linkers. Type 2 compounds are potentially able to undergo more complex inhibitor-enzyme interactions than those occurring with monomeric compounds of type 1, thus influencing positively the potency, selectivity and/or cytotoxicity of the new compounds.
A new development of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: twin hydroxamic acids as potent inhibitors of MMPs.,Rossello A, Nuti E, Catalani MP, Carelli P, Orlandini E, Rapposelli S, Tuccinardi T, Atkinson SJ, Murphy G, Balsamo A Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 May 2;15(9):2311-4. PMID:15837315[3]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Hirose Y, Chiba K, Karasugi T, Nakajima M, Kawaguchi Y, Mikami Y, Furuichi T, Mio F, Miyake A, Miyamoto T, Ozaki K, Takahashi A, Mizuta H, Kubo T, Kimura T, Tanaka T, Toyama Y, Ikegawa S. A functional polymorphism in THBS2 that affects alternative splicing and MMP binding is associated with lumbar-disc herniation. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 May;82(5):1122-9. Epub 2008 May 1. PMID:18455130 doi:S0002-9297(08)00223-1
- ↑ Tschesche H, Knauper V, Kramer S, Michaelis J, Oberhoff R, Reinke H. Latent collagenase and gelatinase from human neutrophils and their activation. Matrix Suppl. 1992;1:245-55. PMID:1480034
- ↑ Rossello A, Nuti E, Catalani MP, Carelli P, Orlandini E, Rapposelli S, Tuccinardi T, Atkinson SJ, Murphy G, Balsamo A. A new development of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: twin hydroxamic acids as potent inhibitors of MMPs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 May 2;15(9):2311-4. PMID:15837315 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.03.002
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