Molecular Playground/CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex

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<StructureSection load='4F3L' size='340' side='right' caption='CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='4F3L' size='340' side='right' caption='CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex' scene=''>
The <scene name='60/609802/Clockbmal1/1'>CLOCK:Bmal1 heterodimer complex</scene> is a vital regulatory component of the circadian rhythm protein regulation system.
The <scene name='60/609802/Clockbmal1/1'>CLOCK:Bmal1 heterodimer complex</scene> is a vital regulatory component of the circadian rhythm protein regulation system.
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This is a default text for your page '''Molecular Playground/CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the &lt; and &gt; signs.
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You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia or to the article describing Jmol to the rescue.
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==CLOCK==
==CLOCK==
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== Circadian Rhythm ==
== Circadian Rhythm ==
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The circadian rhythm is the 24 hour protein regulation system found in most mammalian species. The circadian rhythm causes certain proteins to be expressed during the day and then downregulated during the night. The circadian rhythm originates in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is located in the hypothalamus <ref>DOI: 10.1126/science.1222804</ref>. The SCN controls the expression of of proteins in a time dependent manner through a genetic feedback loop initiated by light passing through the eye. The CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex is a vital component of this system as this heterodimer binds to the E-box promoter region of other circadian rhythm proteins and trigger the transcription of those proteins. These proteins then repress their own transcription in order to regulate the protein content to the appropriate levels.
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The circadian rhythm is the 24 hour protein regulation system found in most mammalian species. The circadian rhythm causes certain proteins to be expressed during the day and then downregulated during the night. The circadian rhythm originates in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is located in the hypothalamus. The SCN controls the expression of of proteins in a time dependent manner through a genetic feedback loop initiated by light passing through the eye. The CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex is a vital component of this system as this heterodimer binds to the E-box promoter region of other circadian rhythm proteins and trigger the transcription of those proteins. These proteins then repress their own transcription in order to regulate the protein content to the appropriate levels.
<ref>DOI: 10.1126/science.1222804</ref>
<ref>DOI: 10.1126/science.1222804</ref>
== Disease ==
== Disease ==
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Mutated forms of CLOCK exist which do not regulate protein expression correctly and thereby result in altered circadian rhythms. CLOCK-delta19 is a mutant form of CLOCK which binds to BMAL1 normally but the resulting heterodimer does not activate transcription of certain other circadian rhythm proteins.<ref>DOI: 10.1126/science.1222804</ref> Mutant mice carrying this altered CLOCK protein have shown abnormal circadian rhythms as a result.
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Mutated forms of CLOCK exist which do not regulate protein expression correctly and thereby result in altered circadian rhythms. CLOCK-delta19 is a mutant form of CLOCK which binds to BMAL1 normally but the resulting heterodimer does not activate transcription of certain other circadian rhythm proteins. Mutant mice carrying this altered CLOCK protein have shown abnormal circadian rhythms as a result.
It has been shown in recent years that people who have lifestyles which involve light exposure that is different than the normal 12 hours of daylight/12 hours of night have significantly increased chances of developing cancer. This indicates that disruption of the normal circadian rhythm gene regulation cycle has severe downstream effects on the host's genetic makeup.
It has been shown in recent years that people who have lifestyles which involve light exposure that is different than the normal 12 hours of daylight/12 hours of night have significantly increased chances of developing cancer. This indicates that disruption of the normal circadian rhythm gene regulation cycle has severe downstream effects on the host's genetic makeup.
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<scene name='60/609802/Clock-2/1'>CLOCK</scene> and <scene name='60/609802/Bmal1/2'>BMAL1</scene> will form a heterodimer complex.
<scene name='60/609802/Clock-2/1'>CLOCK</scene> and <scene name='60/609802/Bmal1/2'>BMAL1</scene> will form a heterodimer complex.
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This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.
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</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>

Revision as of 16:14, 1 December 2014

CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex

CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex

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References

  1. ↑ doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.280.5369.1564
  2. ↑ Huang N, Chelliah Y, Shan Y, Taylor CA, Yoo SH, Partch C, Green CB, Zhang H, Takahashi JS. Crystal structure of the heterodimeric CLOCK:BMAL1 transcriptional activator complex. Science. 2012 Jul 13;337(6091):189-94. Epub 2012 May 31. PMID:22653727 doi:10.1126/science.1222804

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Hui-Hsien Lin, Joseph Hardie, Michael Mingroni, Michal Harel

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