| Structural highlights
Function
[DESK_BACSU] Member of the two-component regulatory system DesR/DesK, responsible for cold induction of the des gene coding for the Delta5 acyl-lipid desaturase. Acts as a sensor of the membrane fluidity. Probably activates DesR by phosphorylation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Temperature sensing is essential for the survival of living cells. A major challenge is to understand how a biological thermometer processes thermal information to optimize cellular functions. Using structural and biochemical approaches, we show that the thermosensitive histidine kinase, DesK, from Bacillus subtilis is cold-activated through specific interhelical rearrangements in its central four-helix bundle domain. As revealed by the crystal structures of DesK in different functional states, the plasticity of this helical domain influences the catalytic activities of the protein, either by modifying the mobility of the ATP-binding domains for autokinase activity or by modulating binding of the cognate response regulator to sustain the phosphotransferase and phosphatase activities. The structural and biochemical data suggest a model in which the transmembrane sensor domain of DesK promotes these structural changes through conformational signals transmitted by the membrane-connecting two-helical coiled-coil, ultimately controlling the alternation between output autokinase and phosphatase activities. The structural comparison of the different DesK variants indicates that incoming signals can take the form of helix rotations and asymmetric helical bends similar to those reported for other sensing systems, suggesting that a similar switching mechanism could be operational in a wide range of sensor histidine kinases.
Structural plasticity and catalysis regulation of a thermosensor histidine kinase.,Albanesi D, Martin M, Trajtenberg F, Mansilla MC, Haouz A, Alzari PM, de Mendoza D, Buschiazzo A Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 22;106(38):16185-90. Epub 2009 Sep 4. PMID:19805278[6]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Aguilar PS, Hernandez-Arriaga AM, Cybulski LE, Erazo AC, de Mendoza D. Molecular basis of thermosensing: a two-component signal transduction thermometer in Bacillus subtilis. EMBO J. 2001 Apr 2;20(7):1681-91. PMID:11285232 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/20.7.1681
- ↑ Kobayashi K, Ogura M, Yamaguchi H, Yoshida K, Ogasawara N, Tanaka T, Fujita Y. Comprehensive DNA microarray analysis of Bacillus subtilis two-component regulatory systems. J Bacteriol. 2001 Dec;183(24):7365-70. PMID:11717295 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.183.24.7365-7370.2001
- ↑ Cybulski LE, Albanesi D, Mansilla MC, Altabe S, Aguilar PS, de Mendoza D. Mechanism of membrane fluidity optimization: isothermal control of the Bacillus subtilis acyl-lipid desaturase. Mol Microbiol. 2002 Sep;45(5):1379-88. PMID:12207704
- ↑ Hunger K, Beckering CL, Marahiel MA. Genetic evidence for the temperature-sensing ability of the membrane domain of the Bacillus subtilis histidine kinase DesK. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004 Jan 15;230(1):41-6. PMID:14734164
- ↑ Albanesi D, Mansilla MC, de Mendoza D. The membrane fluidity sensor DesK of Bacillus subtilis controls the signal decay of its cognate response regulator. J Bacteriol. 2004 May;186(9):2655-63. PMID:15090506
- ↑ Albanesi D, Martin M, Trajtenberg F, Mansilla MC, Haouz A, Alzari PM, de Mendoza D, Buschiazzo A. Structural plasticity and catalysis regulation of a thermosensor histidine kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 22;106(38):16185-90. Epub 2009 Sep 4. PMID:19805278
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