| Structural highlights
Function
[EXD_DROME] Transcription factor which acts with the selector homeodomain proteins altering the regulation of downstream target genes such as wingless (wg), teashirt (tsh) and decapentaplegic (dpp), thus affecting segmental identity. Delimits the eye field and prevent inappropriate eye development. Required for proper localization of chordotonal organs within the peripheral nervous system.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [UBX_DROME] Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds the consensus region 5'-TTAAT[GT][GA]-3'. This homeotic protein controls development of the cells in the posterior thoracic and first abdominal segments. It activates the synthesis of the decapentaplegic (DPP) growth factor.
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
During the development of multicellular organisms, gene expression must be tightly regulated, both spatially and temporally. One set of transcription factors that are important in animal development is encoded by the homeotic (Hox) genes, which govern the choice between alternative developmental pathways along the anterior-posterior axis. Hox proteins, such as Drosophila Ultrabithorax, have low DNA-binding specificity by themselves but gain affinity and specificity when they bind together with the homeoprotein Extradenticle (or Pbxl in mammals). To understand the structural basis of Hox-Extradenticle pairing, we determine here the crystal structure of an Ultrabithorax-Extradenticle-DNA complex at 2.4 A resolution, using the minimal polypeptides that form a cooperative heterodimer. The Ultrabithorax and Extradenticle homeodomains bind opposite faces of the DNA, with their DNA-recognition helices almost touching each other. However, most of the cooperative interactions arise from the YPWM amino-acid motif of Ultrabithorax-located amino-terminally to its homeodomain-which forms a reverse turn and inserts into a hydrophobic pocket on the Extradenticle homeodomain surface. Together, these protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions define the general principles by which homeotic proteins interact with Extradenticle (or Pbx1) to affect development along the anterior-posterior axis of animals.
Structure of a DNA-bound Ultrabithorax-Extradenticle homeodomain complex.,Passner JM, Ryoo HD, Shen L, Mann RS, Aggarwal AK Nature. 1999 Feb 25;397(6721):714-9. PMID:10067897[7]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Rauskolb C, Peifer M, Wieschaus E. extradenticle, a regulator of homeotic gene activity, is a homolog of the homeobox-containing human proto-oncogene pbx1. Cell. 1993 Sep 24;74(6):1101-12. PMID:8104703
- ↑ Flegel WA, Singson AW, Margolis JS, Bang AG, Posakony JW, Murre C. Dpbx, a new homeobox gene closely related to the human proto-oncogene pbx1 molecular structure and developmental expression. Mech Dev. 1993 May;41(2-3):155-61. PMID:8100142
- ↑ Rauskolb C, Wieschaus E. Coordinate regulation of downstream genes by extradenticle and the homeotic selector proteins. EMBO J. 1994 Aug 1;13(15):3561-9. PMID:7914871
- ↑ Rieckhof GE, Casares F, Ryoo HD, Abu-Shaar M, Mann RS. Nuclear translocation of extradenticle requires homothorax, which encodes an extradenticle-related homeodomain protein. Cell. 1997 Oct 17;91(2):171-83. PMID:9346235
- ↑ Kurant E, Pai CY, Sharf R, Halachmi N, Sun YH, Salzberg A. Dorsotonals/homothorax, the Drosophila homologue of meis1, interacts with extradenticle in patterning of the embryonic PNS. Development. 1998 Mar;125(6):1037-48. PMID:9463350
- ↑ Pai CY, Kuo TS, Jaw TJ, Kurant E, Chen CT, Bessarab DA, Salzberg A, Sun YH. The Homothorax homeoprotein activates the nuclear localization of another homeoprotein, extradenticle, and suppresses eye development in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 1998 Feb 1;12(3):435-46. PMID:9450936
- ↑ Passner JM, Ryoo HD, Shen L, Mann RS, Aggarwal AK. Structure of a DNA-bound Ultrabithorax-Extradenticle homeodomain complex. Nature. 1999 Feb 25;397(6721):714-9. PMID:10067897 doi:10.1038/17833
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