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Structural highlights

Disease

[CBL_HUMAN] Defects in CBL are the cause of Noonan syndrome-like disorder with or without juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (NSLL) [MIM:613563]. A syndrome characterized by a phenotype reminiscent of Noonan syndrome. Clinical features are highly variable, including facial dysmorphism, short neck, developmental delay, hyperextensible joints and thorax abnormalities with widely spaced nipples. The facial features consist of triangular face with hypertelorism, large low-set ears, ptosis, and flat nasal bridge. Some patients manifest cardiac defects.^[1]

Function

[CBL_HUMAN] Adapter protein that functions as a negative regulator of many signaling pathways that are triggered by activation of cell surface receptors. Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and then transfers it to substrates promoting their degradation by the proteasome. Recognizes activated receptor tyrosine kinases, including KIT, FLT1, FGFR1, FGFR2, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, EGFR, CSF1R, EPHA8 and KDR and terminates signaling. Recognizes membrane-bound HCK and other kinases of the SRC family and mediates their ubiquitination and degradation. Participates in signal transduction in hematopoietic cells. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis. Essential for osteoclastic bone resorption. The Tyr-731 phosphorylated form induces the activation and recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to the cell membrane in a signaling pathway that is critical for osteoclast function.^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]} [UB2L3_HUMAN] Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 that specifically acts with HECT-type and RBR family E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Does not function with most RING-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases because it lacks intrinsic E3-independent reactivity with lysine: in contrast, it has activity with the RBR family E3 enzymes, such as PARK2 and ARIH1, that function like function like RING-HECT hybrids. Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination. Involved in the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Down-regulated during the S-phase it is involved in progression through the cell cycle. Regulates nuclear hormone receptors transcriptional activity. May play a role in myelopoiesis.^{[10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Ubiquitin conjugating enzyme

References

1. ↑ Martinelli S, De Luca A, Stellacci E, Rossi C, Checquolo S, Lepri F, Caputo V, Silvano M, Buscherini F, Consoli F, Ferrara G, Digilio MC, Cavaliere ML, van Hagen JM, Zampino G, van der Burgt I, Ferrero GB, Mazzanti L, Screpanti I, Yntema HG, Nillesen WM, Savarirayan R, Zenker M, Dallapiccola B, Gelb BD, Tartaglia M. Heterozygous germline mutations in the CBL tumor-suppressor gene cause a Noonan syndrome-like phenotype. Am J Hum Genet. 2010 Aug 13;87(2):250-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.015. Epub, 2010 Jul 8. PMID:20619386 doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.015
2. ↑ Joazeiro CA, Wing SS, Huang H, Leverson JD, Hunter T, Liu YC. The tyrosine kinase negative regulator c-Cbl as a RING-type, E2-dependent ubiquitin-protein ligase. Science. 1999 Oct 8;286(5438):309-12. PMID:10514377
3. ↑ Howlett CJ, Robbins SM. Membrane-anchored Cbl suppresses Hck protein-tyrosine kinase mediated cellular transformation. Oncogene. 2002 Mar 7;21(11):1707-16. PMID:11896602 doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205228
4. ↑ Miyazaki T, Sanjay A, Neff L, Tanaka S, Horne WC, Baron R. Src kinase activity is essential for osteoclast function. J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 23;279(17):17660-6. Epub 2004 Jan 22. PMID:14739300 doi:10.1074/jbc.M311032200
5. ↑ Kaabeche K, Lemonnier J, Le Mee S, Caverzasio J, Marie PJ. Cbl-mediated degradation of Lyn and Fyn induced by constitutive fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 activation supports osteoblast differentiation. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 27;279(35):36259-67. Epub 2004 Jun 9. PMID:15190072 doi:10.1074/jbc.M402469200
6. ↑ Bonaventure J, Horne WC, Baron R. The localization of FGFR3 mutations causing thanatophoric dysplasia type I differentially affects phosphorylation, processing and ubiquitylation of the receptor. FEBS J. 2007 Jun;274(12):3078-93. Epub 2007 May 17. PMID:17509076 doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05835.x
7. ↑ Dufour C, Guenou H, Kaabeche K, Bouvard D, Sanjay A, Marie PJ. FGFR2-Cbl interaction in lipid rafts triggers attenuation of PI3K/Akt signaling and osteoblast survival. Bone. 2008 Jun;42(6):1032-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.02.009. Epub 2008 Feb 29. PMID:18374639 doi:10.1016/j.bone.2008.02.009
8. ↑ Wehrle C, Van Slyke P, Dumont DJ. Angiopoietin-1-induced ubiquitylation of Tie2 by c-Cbl is required for internalization and degradation. Biochem J. 2009 Oct 12;423(3):375-80. doi: 10.1042/BJ20091010. PMID:19689429 doi:10.1042/BJ20091010
9. ↑ Severe N, Miraoui H, Marie PJ. The Casitas B lineage lymphoma (Cbl) mutant G306E enhances osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stromal cells in part by decreased Cbl-mediated platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 ubiquitination. J Biol Chem. 2011 Jul 8;286(27):24443-50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.197525. Epub 2011, May 19. PMID:21596750 doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.197525
10. ↑ Shimura H, Hattori N, Kubo S, Mizuno Y, Asakawa S, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Iwai K, Chiba T, Tanaka K, Suzuki T. Familial Parkinson disease gene product, parkin, is a ubiquitin-protein ligase. Nat Genet. 2000 Jul;25(3):302-5. PMID:10888878 doi:10.1038/77060
11. ↑ Verma S, Ismail A, Gao X, Fu G, Li X, O'Malley BW, Nawaz Z. The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBCH7 acts as a coactivator for steroid hormone receptors. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Oct;24(19):8716-26. PMID:15367689 doi:10.1128/MCB.24.19.8716-8726.2004
12. ↑ Garside H, Waters C, Berry A, Rice L, Ardley HC, White A, Robinson PA, Ray D. UbcH7 interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor and mediates receptor autoregulation. J Endocrinol. 2006 Sep;190(3):621-9. PMID:17003263 doi:10.1677/joe.1.06799
13. ↑ Marteijn JA, van der Meer LT, Smit JJ, Noordermeer SM, Wissink W, Jansen P, Swarts HG, Hibbert RG, de Witte T, Sixma TK, Jansen JH, van der Reijden BA. The ubiquitin ligase Triad1 inhibits myelopoiesis through UbcH7 and Ubc13 interacting domains. Leukemia. 2009 Aug;23(8):1480-9. Epub 2009 Apr 2. PMID:19340006 doi:leu200957
14. ↑ Whitcomb EA, Dudek EJ, Liu Q, Taylor A. Novel control of S phase of the cell cycle by ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme H7. Mol Biol Cell. 2009 Jan;20(1):1-9. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E08-01-0036. Epub 2008 Oct, 22. PMID:18946090 doi:10.1091/mbc.E08-01-0036
15. ↑ David Y, Ziv T, Admon A, Navon A. The E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes direct polyubiquitination to preferred lysines. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jan 8. PMID:20061386 doi:M109.089003
16. ↑ Wenzel DM, Lissounov A, Brzovic PS, Klevit RE. UBCH7 reactivity profile reveals parkin and HHARI to be RING/HECT hybrids. Nature. 2011 Jun 2;474(7349):105-8. doi: 10.1038/nature09966. Epub 2011 May 1. PMID:21532592 doi:10.1038/nature09966
17. ↑ Zheng N, Wang P, Jeffrey PD, Pavletich NP. Structure of a c-Cbl-UbcH7 complex: RING domain function in ubiquitin-protein ligases. Cell. 2000 Aug 18;102(4):533-9. PMID:10966114