2p1n

Structural highlights

Function

[SKP1A_ARATH] Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends of the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1. SCF(UFO) is required for vegetative and floral organ development as well as for male gametogenesis. SCF(TIR1) is involved in auxin signaling pathway. SCF(COI1) regulates responses to jasmonates. SCF(EID1) and SCF(AFR) are implicated in phytochrome A light signaling. SCF(ADO1), SCF(ADO2), SCF(ADO3) are related to the circadian clock. SCF(ORE9) seems to be involved in senescence. SCF(EBF1/EBF2) may regulate ethylene signaling. Plays a role during embryogenesis and early postembryonic development, especially during cell elongation and division. Contributes to the correct chromosome segregation during tetrad formation.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]} [IAA7_ARATH] Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin-responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression.^[7] [TIR1_ARATH] Auxin receptor that mediates Aux/IAA proteins proteasomal degradation and auxin-regulated transcription. The SCF(TIR1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is involved in auxin-mediated signaling pathway that regulate root and hypocotyl growth, lateral root formation, cell elongation, and gravitropism. Appears to allow pericycle cells to overcome G2 arrest prior to lateral root development. Plays a role in ethylene signaling in roots. Confers sensitivity to the virulent bacterial pathogen P.syringae.^{[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Herbicide 2%2C4-D bound to TIR1 Ubiquitin Ligase
• Transport inhibitor response 1

References

1. ↑ Zhao D, Yang M, Solava J, Ma H. The ASK1 gene regulates development and interacts with the UFO gene to control floral organ identity in Arabidopsis. Dev Genet. 1999 Sep;25(3):209-23. PMID:10528262 doi:<209::AID-DVG4>3.0.CO;2-O 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6408(1999)25:3<209::AID-DVG4>3.0.CO;2-O
2. ↑ Gray WM, del Pozo JC, Walker L, Hobbie L, Risseeuw E, Banks T, Crosby WL, Yang M, Ma H, Estelle M. Identification of an SCF ubiquitin-ligase complex required for auxin response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes Dev. 1999 Jul 1;13(13):1678-91. PMID:10398681
3. ↑ Yang M, Hu Y, Lodhi M, McCombie WR, Ma H. The Arabidopsis SKP1-LIKE1 gene is essential for male meiosis and may control homologue separation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Sep 28;96(20):11416-21. PMID:10500191
4. ↑ Zhao D, Yu Q, Chen M, Ma H. The ASK1 gene regulates B function gene expression in cooperation with UFO and LEAFY in Arabidopsis. Development. 2001 Jul;128(14):2735-46. PMID:11526079
5. ↑ Zhao D, Ni W, Feng B, Han T, Petrasek MG, Ma H. Members of the Arabidopsis-SKP1-like gene family exhibit a variety of expression patterns and may play diverse roles in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2003 Sep;133(1):203-17. PMID:12970487
6. ↑ Liu F, Ni W, Griffith ME, Huang Z, Chang C, Peng W, Ma H, Xie D. The ASK1 and ASK2 genes are essential for Arabidopsis early development. Plant Cell. 2004 Jan;16(1):5-20. Epub 2003 Dec 19. PMID:14688296 doi:10.1105/tpc.017772
7. ↑ Liscum E, Reed JW. Genetics of Aux/IAA and ARF action in plant growth and development. Plant Mol Biol. 2002 Jun-Jul;49(3-4):387-400. PMID:12036262
8. ↑ Ruegger M, Dewey E, Gray WM, Hobbie L, Turner J, Estelle M. The TIR1 protein of Arabidopsis functions in auxin response and is related to human SKP2 and yeast grr1p. Genes Dev. 1998 Jan 15;12(2):198-207. PMID:9436980
9. ↑ Gray WM, del Pozo JC, Walker L, Hobbie L, Risseeuw E, Banks T, Crosby WL, Yang M, Ma H, Estelle M. Identification of an SCF ubiquitin-ligase complex required for auxin response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes Dev. 1999 Jul 1;13(13):1678-91. PMID:10398681
10. ↑ Alonso JM, Stepanova AN, Solano R, Wisman E, Ferrari S, Ausubel FM, Ecker JR. Five components of the ethylene-response pathway identified in a screen for weak ethylene-insensitive mutants in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2992-7. Epub 2003 Feb 26. PMID:12606727 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0438070100
11. ↑ Dharmasiri N, Dharmasiri S, Weijers D, Lechner E, Yamada M, Hobbie L, Ehrismann JS, Jurgens G, Estelle M. Plant development is regulated by a family of auxin receptor F box proteins. Dev Cell. 2005 Jul;9(1):109-19. PMID:15992545 doi:http://dx.doi.org/S1534-5807(05)00184-X
12. ↑ Dharmasiri N, Dharmasiri S, Estelle M. The F-box protein TIR1 is an auxin receptor. Nature. 2005 May 26;435(7041):441-5. PMID:15917797 doi:http://dx.doi.org/nature03543
13. ↑ Kepinski S, Leyser O. The Arabidopsis F-box protein TIR1 is an auxin receptor. Nature. 2005 May 26;435(7041):446-51. PMID:15917798 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03542
14. ↑ Navarro L, Dunoyer P, Jay F, Arnold B, Dharmasiri N, Estelle M, Voinnet O, Jones JD. A plant miRNA contributes to antibacterial resistance by repressing auxin signaling. Science. 2006 Apr 21;312(5772):436-9. PMID:16627744 doi:http://dx.doi.org/312/5772/436
15. ↑ Hayashi K, Tan X, Zheng N, Hatate T, Kimura Y, Kepinski S, Nozaki H. Small-molecule agonists and antagonists of F-box protein-substrate interactions in auxin perception and signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 8;105(14):5632-7. Epub 2008 Apr 7. PMID:18391211
16. ↑ Tan X, Calderon-Villalobos LI, Sharon M, Zheng C, Robinson CV, Estelle M, Zheng N. Mechanism of auxin perception by the TIR1 ubiquitin ligase. Nature. 2007 Apr 5;446(7136):640-5. PMID:17410169 doi:10.1038/nature05731