Structural highlights
Function
[MOD5_YEAST] Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 in the anticodon loop on a specific subset of tRNAs both in the cytosol and the mitochondrion, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i(6)A). This modification optimizes the codon:anticodon fit in the ribosome and promotes translational fidelity. Competes with the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase ERG20 for the common substrate dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP).[1] [2] [3]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Hypermodifications near the anticodon of tRNA are fundamental for the efficiency and fidelity of protein synthesis. Dimethylallyltransferase (DMATase) catalyzes transfer of a dimethylallyl moiety from dimethylallyl pyrophosphate to N6 of A37 in certain tRNAs. Here we present the crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DMATase-tRNA(Cys) complex in four distinct forms, which provide snapshots of the RNA modification reaction catalyzed by DMATase. The structures reveal that the enzyme recognizes the tRNA substrate through indirect sequence readout. The targeted nucleotide A37 flips out from the anticodon loop of tRNA and flips into a channel in DMATase, where it meets its reaction partner di methylallyl pyrophosphate, which enters the channel from the opposite end. Structural changes accompanying the transfer reaction taking place in the crystal result in disengagement of DMATase-tRNA interaction near the reaction center. In addition, structural comparison of DMATase in the complex with unliganded bacterial DMATase provides a molecular basis of ordered substrate binding by DMATase.
Crystallographic snapshots of eukaryotic dimethylallyltransferase acting on tRNA: insight into tRNA recognition and reaction mechanism.,Zhou C, Huang RH Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Oct 21;105(42):16142-7. Epub 2008 Oct 13. PMID:18852462[4]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
- ↑ Dihanich ME, Najarian D, Clark R, Gillman EC, Martin NC, Hopper AK. Isolation and characterization of MOD5, a gene required for isopentenylation of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):177-84. PMID:3031456
- ↑ Benko AL, Vaduva G, Martin NC, Hopper AK. Competition between a sterol biosynthetic enzyme and tRNA modification in addition to changes in the protein synthesis machinery causes altered nonsense suppression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jan 4;97(1):61-6. PMID:10618371
- ↑ Lamichhane TN, Blewett NH, Maraia RJ. Plasticity and diversity of tRNA anticodon determinants of substrate recognition by eukaryotic A37 isopentenyltransferases. RNA. 2011 Oct;17(10):1846-57. doi: 10.1261/rna.2628611. Epub 2011 Aug 26. PMID:21873461 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.2628611
- ↑ Zhou C, Huang RH. Crystallographic snapshots of eukaryotic dimethylallyltransferase acting on tRNA: insight into tRNA recognition and reaction mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Oct 21;105(42):16142-7. Epub 2008 Oct 13. PMID:18852462
