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4rno

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Revision as of 18:45, 1 February 2017

Crystal structure of human polymerase eta extending an abasic site-dA pair by inserting dCTP opposite template G

Structural highlights

4rno is a 3 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:	, ,
NonStd Res:
Related:	4rnm, 4rnn
Activity:	DNA-directed DNA polymerase, with EC number 2.7.7.7
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

[POLH_HUMAN] Defects in POLH are the cause of xeroderma pigmentosum variant type (XPV) [MIM:278750]; also designated as XP-V. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disease due to deficient nucleotide excision repair. It is characterized by hypersensitivity of the skin to sunlight, followed by high incidence of skin cancer and frequent neurologic abnormalities. XPV shows normal nucleotide excision repair, but an exaggerated delay in recovery of replicative DNA synthesis. Most XPV patients do not develop clinical symptoms and skin neoplasias until a later age. Clinical manifestations are limited to photo-induced deterioration of the skin and eyes.^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5]

Function

[POLH_HUMAN] DNA polymerase specifically involved in DNA repair. Plays an important role in translesion synthesis, where the normal high fidelity DNA polymerases cannot proceed and DNA synthesis stalls. Plays an important role in the repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers. Depending on the context, it inserts the correct base, but causes frequent base transitions and transversions. May play a role in hypermutation at immunoglobulin genes. Forms a Schiff base with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate at abasic sites, but does not have lyase activity. Targets POLI to replication foci.^[6] ^[7] ^[8] ^[9] ^[10]

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The most common lesion in DNA is an abasic site resulting from glycolytic cleavage of a base. In a number of cellular studies, abasic sites preferentially code for dATP insertion (the "A rule"). In some cases frameshifts are also common. X-ray structures with abasic sites in oligonucleotides have been reported for several microbial and human DNA polymerases (pols), e.g. Dpo4, RB69, KlenTaq, yeast pol iota, human (h) pol iota, and human pol beta. We reported previously that hpol eta is a major pol involved in abasic site bypass (Choi, J.-Y., Lim, S., Kim, E. J., Jo, A., and Guengerich, F. P. (2010 J. Mol. Biol. 404, 34-44). hpol eta inserted all four dNTPs in steady-state and pre-steady-state assays, preferentially inserting A and G. In LC-MS analysis of primer-template pairs, A and G were inserted but little C or T was inserted. Frameshifts were observed when an appropriate pyrimidine was positioned 5' to the abasic site in the template. In x-ray structures of hpol eta with a non-hydrolyzable analog of dATP or dGTP opposite an abasic site, H-bonding was observed between the phosphate 5' to the abasic site and water H-bonded to N1 and N6 of A and N1 and O6 of G nucleoside triphosphate analogs, offering an explanation for what appears to be a "purine rule." A structure was also obtained for an A inserted and bonded in the primer opposite the abasic site, but it did not pair with a 5' T in the template. We conclude that hpol eta, a major copying enzyme with abasic sites, follows a purine rule, which can also lead to frameshifts. The phenomenon can be explained with H-bonds.

Structural and Kinetic Analysis of Nucleoside Triphosphate Incorporation Opposite an Abasic Site by Human Translesion DNA Polymerase eta.,Patra A, Zhang Q, Lei L, Su Y, Egli M, Guengerich FP J Biol Chem. 2015 Mar 27;290(13):8028-38. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.637561. Epub 2015, Feb 9. PMID:25666608^[11]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Masutani C, Kusumoto R, Yamada A, Dohmae N, Yokoi M, Yuasa M, Araki M, Iwai S, Takio K, Hanaoka F. The XPV (xeroderma pigmentosum variant) gene encodes human DNA polymerase eta. Nature. 1999 Jun 17;399(6737):700-4. PMID:10385124 doi:10.1038/21447
↑ Johnson RE, Kondratick CM, Prakash S, Prakash L. hRAD30 mutations in the variant form of xeroderma pigmentosum. Science. 1999 Jul 9;285(5425):263-5. PMID:10398605
↑ Yuasa M, Masutani C, Eki T, Hanaoka F. Genomic structure, chromosomal localization and identification of mutations in the xeroderma pigmentosum variant (XPV) gene. Oncogene. 2000 Sep 28;19(41):4721-8. PMID:11032022 doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203842
↑ Itoh T, Linn S, Kamide R, Tokushige H, Katori N, Hosaka Y, Yamaizumi M. Xeroderma pigmentosum variant heterozygotes show reduced levels of recovery of replicative DNA synthesis in the presence of caffeine after ultraviolet irradiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Dec;115(6):981-5. PMID:11121129 doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00154.x
↑ Broughton BC, Cordonnier A, Kleijer WJ, Jaspers NG, Fawcett H, Raams A, Garritsen VH, Stary A, Avril MF, Boudsocq F, Masutani C, Hanaoka F, Fuchs RP, Sarasin A, Lehmann AR. Molecular analysis of mutations in DNA polymerase eta in xeroderma pigmentosum-variant patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jan 22;99(2):815-20. Epub 2002 Jan 2. PMID:11773631 doi:10.1073/pnas.022473899
↑ Masutani C, Kusumoto R, Yamada A, Dohmae N, Yokoi M, Yuasa M, Araki M, Iwai S, Takio K, Hanaoka F. The XPV (xeroderma pigmentosum variant) gene encodes human DNA polymerase eta. Nature. 1999 Jun 17;399(6737):700-4. PMID:10385124 doi:10.1038/21447
↑ Glick E, Vigna KL, Loeb LA. Mutations in human DNA polymerase eta motif II alter bypass of DNA lesions. EMBO J. 2001 Dec 17;20(24):7303-12. PMID:11743006 doi:10.1093/emboj/20.24.7303
↑ Zeng X, Winter DB, Kasmer C, Kraemer KH, Lehmann AR, Gearhart PJ. DNA polymerase eta is an A-T mutator in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin variable genes. Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6):537-41. PMID:11376341 doi:10.1038/88740
↑ Haracska L, Prakash L, Prakash S. A mechanism for the exclusion of low-fidelity human Y-family DNA polymerases from base excision repair. Genes Dev. 2003 Nov 15;17(22):2777-85. PMID:14630940 doi:10.1101/gad.1146103
↑ Faili A, Aoufouchi S, Weller S, Vuillier F, Stary A, Sarasin A, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. DNA polymerase eta is involved in hypermutation occurring during immunoglobulin class switch recombination. J Exp Med. 2004 Jan 19;199(2):265-70. PMID:14734526 doi:10.1084/jem.20031831
↑ Patra A, Zhang Q, Lei L, Su Y, Egli M, Guengerich FP. Structural and Kinetic Analysis of Nucleoside Triphosphate Incorporation Opposite an Abasic Site by Human Translesion DNA Polymerase eta. J Biol Chem. 2015 Mar 27;290(13):8028-38. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.637561. Epub 2015, Feb 9. PMID:25666608 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.637561

1 Structural highlights
2 Disease
3 Function
4 Publication Abstract from PubMed
5 References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

OCA

Retrieved from "http://52.214.119.220/wiki/index.php/4rno"

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Crystal structure of human polymerase eta extending an abasic site-dA pair by inserting dCTP opposite template G==
 <StructureSection load='4rno' size='340' side='right' caption='[[4rno]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.82&Aring;' scene=''>
@@ Line 7: / Line 8: @@
 <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4rnm|4rnm]], [[4rnn|4rnn]]</td></tr>
 <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] </span></td></tr>
-<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4rno FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4rno OCA], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4rno RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4rno PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4rno FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4rno OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4rno PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4rno RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4rno PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4rno ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
 </table>
 == Disease ==
@@ Line 21: / Line 22: @@
 From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
 </div>
+<div class="pdbe-citations 4rno" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
-==See Also==
-*[[DNA polymerase|DNA polymerase]]
 == References ==
 <references/>

4rno

From Proteopedia

Revision as of 18:45, 1 February 2017

Crystal structure of human polymerase eta extending an abasic site-dA pair by inserting dCTP opposite template G

Structural highlights

Disease

Function

Publication Abstract from PubMed

References

Contents

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

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