Botulinum neurotoxin
From Proteopedia
(Difference between revisions)
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== Function == | == Function == | ||
| - | '''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. | + | '''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. The bacteria produces 8 neurotoxins which differ in their antigens.<br /> |
| + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type A''' is the potent disease agent in botulism.<br /> | ||
| + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type B''' is used for treatment of severe spasms in the neck muscles [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. <br /> | ||
| + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type C''' induces apoptotic cell death in cerebellar neurons acting in birds, mammals and fish.<br /> | ||
| + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type D''' inhibits the release of TNF from monocytes.<br /> | ||
| + | *'''Botulinum neurotoxin type E, F and G''' act on human proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus.<br /> | ||
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
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== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
| - | CBP HC contains two modules: the N-terminal translocation domain and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296). | + | CBP contains a light or catalytic domain (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-1296) chains (LC and HC). CBP HC contains two modules: the N-terminal translocation domain (residues 441-875) and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296). |
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
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*'''Type A ''' | *'''Type A ''' | ||
| - | **[[3bta | + | **[[3bta]] – CbCBN + Zn – ''Clostridium botulinum'' <br /> |
| - | **[[3v0c | + | **[[3v0c]] - CbCBN (mutant) + Zn<br /> |
**[[2nyy]], [[2nz9]] - CbCBN + antibody + Zn<br /> | **[[2nyy]], [[2nz9]] - CbCBN + antibody + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[3v0a]], [[3v0b]] - CbCBN (mutant) + antibody + Type A progenitor toxin + Zn<br /> | **[[3v0a]], [[3v0b]] - CbCBN (mutant) + antibody + Type A progenitor toxin + Zn<br /> | ||
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*Type A Light Chain | *Type A Light Chain | ||
| - | **[[2g7k]], [[2g7p]], [[2g7q]], [[2imc]], [[3bwi]], [[3bok]], [[3qix]], [[2ise]], [[2isg]], [[2ish]] - CbCBN LC + Zn<br /> | + | **[[2g7k]], [[2g7p]], [[2g7q]], [[2imc]], [[3bwi]], [[3bok]], [[3qix]], [[2ise]], [[2isg]], [[2ish]], [[4ej5]] - CbCBN LC + Zn<br /> |
**[[3bok]] - CbCBN LC <br /> | **[[3bok]] - CbCBN LC <br /> | ||
| - | **[[1e1h]], [[1xtf]], [[4kuf]] - CbCBN LC (mutant) + Zn<br /> | + | **[[1e1h]], [[1xtf]], [[4kuf]], [[4el4]], [[4elc]] - CbCBN LC (mutant) + Zn<br /> |
**[[3dse]] – CbCBN LC (mutant) + Zn + Ni<br /> | **[[3dse]] – CbCBN LC (mutant) + Zn + Ni<br /> | ||
**[[1xtg]] - CbCBN LC (mutant) + synaptosomal-associated protein 25 + Zn<br /> | **[[1xtg]] - CbCBN LC (mutant) + synaptosomal-associated protein 25 + Zn<br /> | ||
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**[[4jra]] – CbCBN + synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C<br /> | **[[4jra]] – CbCBN + synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C<br /> | ||
| - | *Type A Light+Heavy | + | *Type A Light+Heavy Chain translocation domain |
**[[2w2d]] - CbCBN LC+HC + Zn<br /> | **[[2w2d]] - CbCBN LC+HC + Zn<br /> | ||
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*'''Type B''' | *'''Type B''' | ||
| - | **[[1s0b]], [[1s0c]], [[1s0d]], [[1s0e]], [[1s0f]], [[1s0g]], [[1epw | + | **[[1s0b]], [[1s0c]], [[1s0d]], [[1s0e]], [[1s0f]], [[1s0g]], [[1epw]] – CbCBN + Zn<br /> |
**[[2np0]] – CbCBN + synaptotagmin-2 + Zn<br /> | **[[2np0]] – CbCBN + synaptotagmin-2 + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[1g9a]], [[1g9b]], [[1g9c]], [[1g9d]] – CbCBN + inhibitor + Zn<br /> | **[[1g9a]], [[1g9b]], [[1g9c]], [[1g9d]] – CbCBN + inhibitor + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[1i1e]] – CbCBN + doxorubicin + Zn<br /> | **[[1i1e]] – CbCBN + doxorubicin + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[1f31]] – CbPBN + trisaccharide + Zn<br /> | **[[1f31]] – CbPBN + trisaccharide + Zn<br /> | ||
| - | |||
| - | **[[1z0h]] – CbCBN C terminal<br /> | ||
*Type B Light Chain | *Type B Light Chain | ||
| - | **[[2etf]], [[ | + | **[[2etf]], [[1f82]] - CbCBN LC + Zn<br /> |
| - | *Type B Light+Heavy | + | *Type B Light+Heavy Chain translocation domain |
| - | **[[2xhl]] - CbCBN LC+HC + Zn<br /> | + | **[[2xhl]], [[3zuq]] - CbCBN LC+HC + Zn<br /> |
*Type B receptor-binding domain | *Type B receptor-binding domain | ||
| - | **[[2nm1]], [[4kbb]] - CbCBN + synaptotagmin-2<br /> | + | **[[2nm1]], [[4kbb]] - CbCBN + synaptotagmin-2 peptide<br /> |
| + | **[[1z0h]] – CbCBN <br /> | ||
*Type C Light Chain | *Type C Light Chain | ||
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*Type E | *Type E | ||
| - | **[[ | + | **[[3ffz]] – CbCBN + Zn<br /> |
| + | |||
| + | *Type E Light Chain | ||
| + | |||
| + | **[[1t3a]] - CbCBN LC + Zn<br /> | ||
**[[1t3c]], [[1zkw]], [[1zkx]], [[1zl5]], [[1zl6]], [[1zn3]] – CbCBN (mutant) + Zn<br /> | **[[1t3c]], [[1zkw]], [[1zkx]], [[1zl5]], [[1zl6]], [[1zn3]] – CbCBN (mutant) + Zn<br /> | ||
Revision as of 10:22, 12 November 2015
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3D structures of botulinum neurotoxin
Updated on 12-November-2015
