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Botulinum neurotoxin

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== Function ==
== Function ==
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'''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. The bacteria produces 8 neurotoxins which differ in their antigens.<br />
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'''Botulinum neurotoxin''' (CBN) is produced by the bacterium ''Clostridium botulinum''. CBP contains a light (residues 1-440) and a heavy (residues 441-875) chains (LC and HC). CBP LC proteolyzes SNARE substrates which are essential for synaptic vescicle fusion and neurotransmitter release thus causing paralysis. CBP HC acts as a channel and as transmembrane chaperone enabling the passage of the LC into the cytosol. The bacteria produces 8 neurotoxins which differ in their antigens.<br />
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type A''' is the potent disease agent in botulism.<br />
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type A''' is the potent disease agent in botulism.<br />
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type B''' is used for treatment of severe spasms in the neck muscles [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. <br />
*'''Botulinum neurotoxin type B''' is used for treatment of severe spasms in the neck muscles [[Clostridium Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B]]. <br />
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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
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CBP contains a light or catalytic domain (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-1296) chains (LC and HC). CBP HC contains two modules: the N-terminal translocation domain (residues 441-875) and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296).
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CBP contains a light or catalytic domain (residues 1-440) and a heavy (resides 441-1296) chains (LC and HC). CBP HC contains two modules:
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the N-terminal translocation domain (residues 441-875) and the C-terminal receptor-binding domain (residues 876-1296).
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>

Revision as of 10:26, 12 November 2015

Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type A with cofactor Zn+2 (grey) (PDB code 3bta).

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3D structures of botulinum neurotoxin

Updated on 12-November-2015


References

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

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