5eql

Structural highlights

Function

[SUMO2_HUMAN] Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins.^{[1] [2] [3]}

References

1. ↑ Kamitani T, Kito K, Nguyen HP, Fukuda-Kamitani T, Yeh ET. Characterization of a second member of the sentrin family of ubiquitin-like proteins. J Biol Chem. 1998 May 1;273(18):11349-53. PMID:9556629
2. ↑ Meulmeester E, Kunze M, Hsiao HH, Urlaub H, Melchior F. Mechanism and consequences for paralog-specific sumoylation of ubiquitin-specific protease 25. Mol Cell. 2008 Jun 6;30(5):610-9. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.03.021. PMID:18538659 doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.03.021
3. ↑ Tatham MH, Geoffroy MC, Shen L, Plechanovova A, Hattersley N, Jaffray EG, Palvimo JJ, Hay RT. RNF4 is a poly-SUMO-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase required for arsenic-induced PML degradation. Nat Cell Biol. 2008 May;10(5):538-46. doi: 10.1038/ncb1716. Epub 2008 Apr 13. PMID:18408734 doi:10.1038/ncb1716