Sandbox flippases

Flippases are the homodimeric transmembrane proteins located in the membrane. It helps phospholipid to transport from inner face to outer face of the cell membrane. It is composed with alpha-helix and beta sheets. The main three structural features of each monomer are an external helix, a belt of positively charged amino acids, and a binding site for an ATP molecule.

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Function

Flippases flip the lipid from cytoplasmic(in) side to periplasmic(out) side.

Mechanism

The beginning conformation is an outward-occluded conformation and the head of Linked-lipid Oligosaccharide(LLO) is on the cytoplasmic side. When the tail of LLO is attached to external helix,

Disease

Relevance

Structural highlights

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